Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia, ma waho aʻe o ke aniani fiber-reinforced plastics, carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, boron fiber-reinforced plastics, etc.ʻO ka carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) he mau mea māmā a ikaika i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā huahana he nui a mākou e hoʻohana ai i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā.He huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia i ka fiber-reinforced composite e hoʻohana ana i nā fila kalapona ma ke ʻano he kumu nui.
Papa maʻiʻo:
1. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Polymer Fiber Carbon Fiber
2. ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka ʻiʻo i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka carbon fiber
3. Nā waiwai o Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
4. Pono o CFRP
5. Nā hemahema o CFRP
6. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea palaki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka carbon fiber
Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Polymer Fiber Carbon
ʻO ka plastic fiber reinforced plastic kahi mea i hana ʻia e ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea fiber carbon i kekahi kuhikuhi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea polymer paʻa.ʻO ke anawaena o ka fiber carbon he lahilahi loa, ma kahi o 7 microns, akā kiʻekiʻe loa kona ikaika.
ʻO ka ʻāpana kumu nui loa o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia i ka fiber carbon fiber filament.ʻO ke kumu kumu o ka filament carbon he prepolymer polyacrylonitrile (PAN), rayon, a i ʻole ka petroleum pitch.A laila hana ʻia nā filament kalapona i nā lole fiber carbon e nā ʻano kemika a me nā hana mechanical no nā ʻāpana fiber carbon.
ʻO ka polymer hoʻopaʻa maʻamau he resin thermosetting e like me ka epoxy.Hoʻohana ʻia nā thermosets a i ʻole nā polymers thermoplastic i kekahi manawa, e like me ka polyvinyl acetate a i ʻole nylon.Ma waho aʻe o nā fiber carbon, hiki i nā composites ke komo i ka aramid Q, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, aluminika, a i ʻole nā aniani aniani.Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā waiwai o ka huahana fiber carbon hope e ke ʻano o nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka matrix hoʻopaʻa.
ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻilika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka carbon fiber
ʻOkoʻa nā huahana carbon fiber ma muli o nā kaʻina hana like ʻole.Nui nā ala no ka hana ʻana i nā mea polymer i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber carbon.
1. Ka Hana Hana Lima
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano maloʻo (kūʻai mua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia) a me ke ʻano pulu (ka lole fiber a me ka resin i hoʻopili ʻia e hoʻohana).Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa lima e hoʻomākaukau i nā prepregs no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe lua e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.ʻO kēia kaʻina hana kahi e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai nā ʻāpana o ka lole fiber carbon ma luna o kahi ʻōpala e hana i ka huahana hope.ʻO ka ikaika a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa o ka mea i loaʻa mai ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke koho ʻana i ka alignment a me ka ulana ʻana o nā lole lole.Hoʻopiha ʻia ka ʻōpala me ka epoxy a hoʻōla ʻia me ka wela a i ʻole ka ea.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana hana no nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ʻole, e like me nā uhi mīkini.
2. Hana ʻana i ka ʻenekini
No ka laminated prepreg, pono ia e hoʻopili i ke kaomi ma o kekahi kaʻina hana e hoʻokokoke ai i ka ʻōpala a hoʻōla a hoʻohua iā ia ma lalo o kahi mahana a me ke kaomi.Ke hoʻohana nei ke ʻano ʻeke ʻeke ʻeke i ka ʻeke e hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka ʻeke hana i hiki i ke kaomi maikaʻi ʻole ma waena o ka ʻeke a me ka ʻōpala e hoʻokumu i kahi kaomi i mea kokoke i ka ʻeke.
Ma ke kumu o ke ʻano ʻeke ʻeke, ua loaʻa ke ʻano hana hana ʻeke-autoclave ma hope.Hāʻawi ʻo Autoclaves i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a hoʻōla wela i ka ʻāpana (ma kahi o ka hoʻōla maoli ʻana) ma mua o nā ʻano hana ʻeke manuahi wale nō.ʻO ia ʻāpana he ʻano paʻa paʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili, hiki ke hoʻopau maikaʻi i nā ʻōpū o ka ea (e hoʻopilikia nui nā ʻōpū i ka ikaika o ka ʻāpana), a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi.ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua like ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻeke ʻeke ʻeke me ke kiʻi kelepona paʻa.ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōhū ea he hana nui.
3. Keʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻia
Hoʻoheheʻe ʻiaʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e kūpono i ka hana nui a me ka hana nui.Hana ʻia nā ʻōpala i nā ʻāpana o luna a me lalo, a mākou i kapa ai i ka mold kāne a me ka mold wahine.ʻO ke kaʻina hana e hoʻokomo i ka moena i hana ʻia i nā prepregs i loko o ka mold counter metala, a ma lalo o ka hana o kekahi ʻano wela a me ke kaomi, ua wela ka moena a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka lua polū, e kahe ana ma lalo o ke kaomi, a hoʻopiha i ka lua polū, a laila. A me ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻōla ʻana e loaʻa ai nā huahana.Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai mua ma mua o nā mea ma mua, no ka mea, pono ka mīkini ʻenehana CNC kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
4. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia
No nā ʻāpana me nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke kino o ke kipi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi filament winder e hana i ka ʻāpana ma ka wili ʻana i ke filament ma kahi mandrel a i ʻole ke kumu.Ma hope o ka wili ʻana e hoʻōla piha a wehe i ka mandrel.No ka laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia nā lima hui tubular i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaha me kēia ʻano.
5. Resin Transfer Molding
ʻO ka Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) kahi hana hoʻoheheʻe kaulana.ʻO kāna mau ʻanuʻu kumu:
1. E kau i ka lole kalapona kalapona maika'i i ho'omākaukau 'ia i loko o ka po'i a pani i ka po'i.
2. Inject wai thermosetting resin i loko, impregnate i ka mea hooikaika, a hoola.
Nā Pono o ka Polymer Fiber Fiber Reinforced
(1) Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka elasticity maikaʻi.
ʻO ka ikaika kikoʻī (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ratio o ka ikaika tensile i ka density) o ka carbon fiber he 6 mau manawa o ke kila a me 17 mau manawa o ka alumini.ʻO ka modulus kikoʻī (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ratio o ka modulus o Young i ka density, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona o ka elasticity o kahi mea) ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau manawa o ke kila a i ʻole aluminika.
Me ka ikaika kiko'ī kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā ia ke halihali i ka ukana hana nui.Hiki ke piʻi i ka 350 kg/cm2 kona puʻe hana kiʻekiʻe.Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ke kūpaʻa ma mua o ka F-4 maʻemaʻe a me kāna braid.
(2) Kūleʻa luhi maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu.
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kūpaʻa luhi ma mua o ka epoxy resin a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea metala.ʻO ka graphite fibers he lubricating ponoʻī a loaʻa kahi koena liʻiliʻi o ka friction.ʻO ka nui o ka lole he 5-10 mau manawa liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā huahana asbestos maʻamau a i ʻole F-4 braids.
(3) maikaʻi thermal conductivity a me ka wela.
ʻO nā plastics i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka carbon fiber i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wela maikaʻi, a ua maʻalahi ka wela i hana ʻia e ka friction.ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka wela a mālama i ka wela a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa.I ka lewa, hiki ke hana paʻa i ka pae wela o -120 ~ 350 ° C.Me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike metala alkali ma ka fiber carbon, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana lawelawe.I loko o ke kinoea inert, hiki i kona wela hoʻololi ke piʻi ma kahi o 2000 ° C, a hiki iā ia ke pale i nā loli koʻikoʻi i ke anu a me ka wela.
(4) Kūleʻa haʻalulu maikaʻi.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka resonate a i ʻole flutter, a he mea maikaʻi loa ia no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻalulu a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa leo.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o CFRP
1. Kaumaha Māmā
Hoʻohana ʻia nā pulu aniani kuʻuna i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pulu aniani mau a me 70% nā pulu aniani (kaumaha aniani/kaupaona piha) a he 0.065 mau paona no ka ʻīniha kubiko.A CFRP composite me ka like 70% fiber paona maʻamau he 0.055 paona no ka cubic iniha.
2. Ikaika Kiekie
ʻOiai he maʻalahi nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā CFRP composites a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻoʻoleʻa i kēlā me kēia paona paona ma mua o nā composites fiber glass.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea metala, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o kēia pono.
Nā hemahema o ka CFRP
1. Ke kumukuai kiekie
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka carbon fiber reinforced plastic is prohibitive.Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kumu kūʻai o ka fiber carbon ma muli o ke kūlana mākeke o kēia manawa (ka lako a me ke koi), ke ʻano o ka fiber carbon (aerospace vs. commercial grade), a me ka nui o ka pūpū fiber.Ma ke kumu paona-paona, hiki i ka 5 a 25 manawa ke kumu kūʻai o ka fiber kalapona puʻupaʻa.ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kila me CFRP.
2. Conductivity
ʻO kēia ka maikaʻi a me ka hemahema o nā mea hoʻohuihui carbon fiber.Pili ia i ka noi.ʻO nā pulupulu kalapona he conductive loa a he insulating nā fibers aniani.Nui nā huahana e hoʻohana i ka fiberglass ma kahi o ka carbon fiber a i ʻole metala no ka mea makemake lākou i ka insulation paʻa.I ka hana ʻana i nā pono hana, nui nā huahana e koi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fibers aniani.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka palaki kalapona
He ākea ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka polymer carbon fiber reinforced i ke ola, mai nā ʻāpana mechanical a i nā mea kaua.
(1)e like me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea PTFE i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka carbon fiber i nā apo hoʻopaʻa a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.Ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻana, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe, ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka asbestos immersed aila.Hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka hana sealing ma lalo o nā hoʻololi ukana a me ka hoʻomaha wikiwiki a me ka hoʻomehana wikiwiki.A no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea ʻino i loko o ka mea, ʻaʻohe pitting corrosion e hiki mai ma luna o ka metala.
(2)e like me ka wili ʻana i nā ʻāpana
Ke hoʻohana nei i kāna mau waiwai lubricating, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā bearings, gears, a me nā apo piston no nā kumu kūikawā.E like me ka aila-free lubricated bearings no ka mokulele a me ka lipine leo, aila-noa lubricated mea no ka uila lawe diesel locomotives (e pale aku ulia i ka aila leakage), aila-free lubricated piston apo ma compressors, etc. e hoʻohana pū ʻia e like me nā bearings sliding a i ʻole nā sila i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna mau hiʻohiʻona non-toxic.
(3) E like me nā mea hana no ka aerospace, aviation, a me nā missiles.Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia i ka hana mokulele e hoʻemi i ke kaumaha o ka mokulele a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono lele.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o ke kemika, ka ʻaila, ka mana uila, nā mīkini, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e like me ka rotary a i ʻole reciprocating dynamic seal a i ʻole nā mea mea sila static.
He loea ʻo Zhengxihale paʻi hydraulic ma Kina, hāʻawi kiʻekiʻe-quliatykaomi hydraulic huino ka hana ʻana i nā huahana CFRP.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-25-2023
