He aha ka Forging?Hoʻokaʻawale a me nā ʻano

ʻO Forging ka inoa hui no ka forging and stamping.He ʻano hana kaʻina hana e hoʻohana ai i ka hāmare, anvil, a me ke kuʻi o ka mīkini forging a i ʻole ka ʻōpala e hoʻoikaika i ka paʻi i ka blank e hoʻololi i ka plastic deformation e loaʻa i nā ʻāpana o ke ʻano a me ka nui.

He aha ke kalai

I loko o ke kaʻina hana forging, loaʻa ka blank a pau i ka deformation plastic nui a me ka nui o ka kahe plastic.Ma ke kaʻina hana stamping, hana nui ʻia ka blank ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kūlana spatial o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻāpana, a ʻaʻohe kahe plastic ma kahi mamao loa i loko.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka forging e hana i nā ʻāpana metala.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau metala ʻole, e like me ka plastics engineering, rubber, ceramic blanks, bricks, a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana.

ʻO ka ʻōwili ʻana, ke kaha kiʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā ʻoihana forging a me nā ʻoihana metallurgical, ʻo ia ka plastik a i ʻole ka hana kaomi.Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka forging no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōwili a me ke kaha kiʻi e hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā mea metala maʻamau e like me nā papa, nā ʻāpana, nā paipu, nā profiles, a me nā uea.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka Forging

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Forging e like me ke ʻano hana a me ka mahana deformation.E like me ke ʻano hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka forging i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: forging a stamping.Wahi a ka mahana deformation, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka forging i ka forging wela, forging anuanu, forging mahana, a me isothermal forging, etc.

1. Wela forging

Hana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe wela ma luna o ka wela o ka recrystallization o ka metala.Hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka plasticity o ka metala, he mea maikaʻi ia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi intrinsic o ka mea hana a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pohā.Hiki i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻemi i ka pale deformation o ka metala a hoʻemi i ka tonnage o ka mea e pono aimīkini kalai.Eia nō naʻe, nui nā kaʻina hana forging wela, ʻilihune ka pololei o ka mea hana, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻili.A ʻo ka forgings e maʻalahi i ka oxidation, decarburization, a me ka pōʻino ahi.Ke nui a mānoanoa ka mea hana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mea hana a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (e like me ka ʻōwili ʻana o nā papa mānoanoa keu, ke kaha kiʻi ʻana o nā koʻokoʻo kalapona kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe wela.
Hoʻohana maʻamau ka wela forging wela: carbon steel 800~1250 ℃;ke kila kila 850 ~ 1150 ℃;kiʻekiʻe māmā kila 900 ~ 1100 ℃;hoʻohana maʻamau ka alumini alumini 380 ~ 500 ℃;huila 850 ~ 1000 ℃;keleawe 700~ 900 ℃.

2. Ka hana anu

Hana ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe anuanu ma lalo o ke ana wela o ka metala.ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, pili ka hana anu i ka hana ʻana ma ka lumi wela.

ʻO nā mea hana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke anuanu i ka lumi wela ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a me ka pololei o ka dimensional, nā ʻili maʻemaʻe, nā ʻanuʻu hana liʻiliʻi, a ua maʻalahi no ka hana automated.Hiki ke hoʻohana pololei ʻia nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​​​huahana me ka ʻole o ka mīkini.Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā anuanu, ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka metala, ua maʻalahi ka haki ʻana i ka wā deformation a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūpaʻa deformation, e koi ana i nā mīkini forging nui-tonnage.

3. Pumehana forging

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi mahana i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mahana maʻamau akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mahana recrystallization ua kapa ʻia ʻo warm forging.Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia ka metala, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana wela ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe wela.ʻOi aku ka pololei o ka forging wela, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili, a me ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa deformation.

4. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka isothermal

Mālama ʻo Isothermal forging i ka wela paʻa i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa.ʻO ka forging isothermal ka hoʻohana piha ʻana i ka plasticity kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau metala i ka mahana like a i ʻole e loaʻa i nā hale a me nā waiwai.Pono ka hoʻoheheʻe Isothermal i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻino i kahi mahana mau, e koi ana i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana wale ʻia no nā kaʻina hana forging kūikawā, e like me ka superplastic forming.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Forging

Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana metala a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai metala.Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka ingot, hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha ka looseness mua, pores, micro-cracks, etc.Ua haki ʻia nā dendrites mua, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai.I ka manawa like, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka carbide kumu a me ka puʻunaue like ʻole.E hana like i ka hale hana, e kiʻi i nā forgings i ʻoi aku ka paʻa, ʻaʻahu, maikaʻi, maikaʻi ka hana holoʻokoʻa, a hilinaʻi i ka hoʻohana.Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka forging e ka hoʻoheheʻe wela, he ʻano fibrous ka metala.Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke anuanu, ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ke aniani metala.

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka metala me ka plastically e hana i kahi mea hana o ke ʻano i makemake ʻia.ʻAʻole loli ka nui o ka metala ma hope o ke kahe ʻana o ka plastic ma muli o ka ikaika o waho, a kahe mau ke metala i ka ʻāpana me ka liʻiliʻi loa.I ka hana ʻana, hoʻomalu pinepine ʻia ke ʻano o ka mea hana e like me kēia mau kānāwai e hoʻokō i nā deformations e like me ka mānoanoa, elongation, hoʻonui, kūlou, a me ke kaha kiʻi hohonu.

ʻO ka nui o ka mea hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he pololei a kūpono i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana nui.ʻO nā ana o ka mold e hana ana i nā noi e like me ka forging, extrusion, a me ka stamping he pololei a paʻa.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini forging kiʻekiʻe a me nā laina hana forging maʻalahi no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana nui a i ʻole ka hana nui.

ʻO nā mīkini forging maʻamau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me nā hāmare forging,nā kaomi hydraulic, a me nā mīkini mīkini.ʻO ka hāmare forging he nui ka hopena hopena, he mea pono ia i ke kahe plastik o ka metala, akā e hoʻohua mai ia i ka haʻalulu.Hoʻohana ka hydraulic press i ka static forging, he mea maikaʻi ia i ka hana ʻana ma o ka metala a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano.Paʻa ka hana, akā haʻahaʻa ka huahana.He paʻa paʻa ka mīkini paʻi a maʻalahi ke hoʻokō mechanization a me ka automation.

ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana Forging

1) No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi intrinsic o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka mea nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou mau waiwai mechanical (ikaika, plasticity, paʻakikī, ikaika luhi) a me ka hilinaʻi.
Pono kēia i ka hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻana i ke kumumanaʻo o ka deformation plastic o nā metala.E hoʻohana i nā mea me ka maikaʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e like me ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.E hoʻokō pono i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka wela.ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka nui o ka hoʻāʻo ʻole luku ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

2) E hoʻomohala hou i ka ʻenehana forging precision a me ka ʻenehana stamping precision.ʻO ka hana ʻoki ʻole ka mea nui loa a me ke kuhikuhi no ka ʻoihana mīkini e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea waiwai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hana, a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻomehana non-oxidative o ka forging blanks, a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻahu-kūpaʻa, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe lōʻihi a me nā ʻano hana lapaʻau ʻili, e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana a me ka stamping pololei.

3) E hoʻomohala i nā mea hana forging a me nā laina hana me ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe a me ka automation.Ma lalo o ka hana kūikawā, hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka hana hana a hoʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai forging.

4) E hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana forging forming maʻalahi (e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana hui, hoʻololi make wikiwiki, etc.).Hiki i kēia ke hoʻohana i nā mea hana forging multi-ʻano liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana i nā mea hana forging kiʻekiʻe a me nā laina hana.E hoʻokō i kāna huahana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai kokoke i ka pae o ka hana nui.

5) E hoʻomohala i nā mea hou, e like me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā mea hao pauka (ʻoi aku ka paʻa lua-papa me ka pauka metala), metala wai, nā plastics i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber, a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.E hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana e like me ka superplastic forming, high-energy forming, and internal high-pressure forming.