Blacksmithing ndi njira yakale komanso yofunikira yopangira zitsulo yomwe idayamba mu 2000 BC.Zimagwira ntchito potenthetsa chitsulo chopanda kanthu mpaka kutentha kwina kenaka n’kumagwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kuti chiwumbe kuti chikhale chofuna.Ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira zida zamphamvu kwambiri, zolimba kwambiri.Pakupanga njira, pali njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino, zomwe ndi kufota kwaulere ndi kufa.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za kusiyana, ubwino ndi kuipa kwake, komanso kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka njira ziwirizi.
Free Forging
Kupanga kwaulere, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti nyundo yaulere kapena njira yaulere, ndi njira yopangira zitsulo popanda nkhungu.Munjira yaulere yopangira, cholembera chopanda kanthu (kawirikawiri chipika chachitsulo kapena ndodo) chimatenthedwa mpaka kutentha komwe chimakhala pulasitiki yokwanira kenako ndikuwumbidwa mu mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida monga nyundo yopumira kapena makina osindikizira.Njirayi imadalira luso la ogwira ntchito, omwe amafunikira kuwongolera mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake poyang'ana ndikuzindikira njira yopangira.
Ubwino wa forging wopanda pake:
1. Kusinthasintha: Kupanga kwaulere ndi koyenera kwa zogwirira ntchito zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe chifukwa palibe chifukwa chopanga zisankho zovuta.
2. Kusungirako zinthu: Popeza kulibe nkhungu, palibe zipangizo zowonjezera zomwe zimafunika kupanga nkhungu, zomwe zingachepetse zinyalala.
3. Yoyenera kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono: Kupanga kwaulere ndikoyenera kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono chifukwa kupanga zisankho zambiri sikofunikira.
Kuipa kwa forging kwaulere:
1. Kudalira luso la ogwira ntchito: Ubwino wa kufota kwaulere umadalira luso la ogwira ntchito ndi luso lawo, choncho zofunikira kwa ogwira ntchito ndi zapamwamba.
2. Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono: Poyerekeza ndi kufota, liwiro la kupanga laulere limachedwa.
3. Kuwongolera mawonekedwe ndi kukula kumakhala kovuta: Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zisankho, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake muzitsulo zaulere zimakhala zovuta ndipo zimafuna kukonzanso kotsatira.
Mapulogalamu opangira kwaulere:
Kupanga kwaulere kumakhala kofala m'magawo otsatirawa:
1. Kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazigawo zazitsulo monga zopangira, nyundo, ndi zoponya.
2. Kupanga zida zamakina zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zolimba kwambiri monga ma crankshafts, ndodo zolumikizira, ndi ma bearings.
3. Kuponya zida zazikulu zamakina olemera ndi zida zaukadaulo.
Kufa Forging
Die forging ndi njira yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kufa kuti apange zitsulo.Pochita izi, chitsulo chopanda kanthu chimayikidwa mu nkhungu yopangidwa mwapadera ndiyeno imapangidwa mu mawonekedwe ofunidwa kupyolera mu kukakamiza.Zikhungu zimatha kukhala chimodzi kapena zingapo, kutengera zovuta za gawolo.
Ubwino wa kupanga ufa:
1. Kulondola kwambiri: Die forging imatha kupereka mawonekedwe olondola kwambiri komanso kuwongolera kukula, kuchepetsa kufunika kokonzanso kotsatira.
2. Kutulutsa kwakukulu: Popeza nkhungu imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo, kuumba nkhungu ndikoyenera kupanga misa ndikuwongolera kupanga bwino.
3. Kusasinthika kwabwino: Die forging imatha kuonetsetsa kuti gawo lililonse likuyenda bwino ndikuchepetsa kusinthasintha.
Kuipa kwa kufa kwa fakitale:
1. Mtengo wapamwamba wopangira: Mtengo wopangira nkhungu zovuta ndizokwera kwambiri, makamaka pakupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono, omwe sali otsika mtengo.
2. Osayenerera mawonekedwe apadera: Pazigawo zovuta kwambiri kapena zosagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe, ziboliboli zokwera mtengo zitha kupangidwa.
3. Osayenerera kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono: Die forging nthawi zambiri imafuna kutentha kwambiri ndipo siili yoyenera pazigawo zomwe zimafuna kutentha pang'ono.
Ntchito zopangira zida zankhondo:
Die forging imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo otsatirawa:
1. Kupanga zida zamagalimoto monga ma crankshafts a injini, ma brake discs, ndi ma wheel hubs.
2. Kupanga magawo ofunikira a gawo lazamlengalenga, monga ma fuselage a ndege, mbali za injini, ndi zida zowongolera ndege.
3. Kupanga zida zaumisiri zolondola kwambiri monga ma bearing, magiya ndi ma racks.
Mwambiri, kupangira kwaulere ndi kufa kwaukadaulo aliyense ali ndi zabwino ndi zofooka zake ndipo ndi oyenera pazosowa zosiyanasiyana zopanga.Kusankha njira yoyenera yopekera kumadalira zovuta za gawolo, kuchuluka kwa zopangira, komanso kulondola kofunikira.Muzochita zogwira ntchito, izi nthawi zambiri zimafunika kuyezedwa kuti mudziwe njira yabwino yopangira.Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kupititsa patsogolo njira zowonongeka zidzapitiriza kuyendetsa madera ogwiritsira ntchito njira zonsezi.
Zhengxi ndi katswiriForging Press Factory ku China, kupereka zaulere zauleremakina osindikizirandi kufa popanga makina osindikizira.Kuphatikiza apo, makina osindikizira a hydraulic amathanso kusinthidwa ndikupangidwa malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala.Ngati muli ndi zosowa, chonde titumizireni.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-09-2023
