Chivundikiro cha dzenje lophatikizika ndi mtundu wa chivundikiro cha dzenje, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amafotokozedwa: chivundikiro cha dzenje loyang'anira chimaphatikizidwa ndi njira inayake yogwiritsira ntchito polima ngati matrix, kuwonjezera zida zolimbikitsira, zodzaza, ndi zina zambiri.
M'malo mwake, chivundikiro cha dzenje la utomoni (chomwe chimatchedwanso polymer glass fiber reinforced pulasitiki panhole chivundikiro/chivundikiro cha dzenje) ndi mtundu wa chivundikiro cha dzenje lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wagalasi ndi zinthu zake (nsalu yamagalasi, tepi, zomverera, ulusi, ndi zina) monga kulimbikitsa zipangizo ndi kupanga utomoni monga matrix zakuthupi.Amakhala ndi unsaturated polyester resin, fillers, intiators, thickeners, low shrinkage additives, film mold agents, pigments and reinforging materials, etc., ndiyeno ndi mtundu watsopano wa chivundikiro cha chitsime chomwe chimawumbidwa pa kutentha kwambiri.
Pakati pa zowonjezera zowonjezera, zida zowonjezeredwa ndi fiber (nsalu yagalasi, tepi, kumva, ulusi, ndi zina zotero) ndizo zikuluzikulu, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mphamvu yokoka yaing'ono, mphamvu yeniyeni yeniyeni ndi modulus yeniyeni.Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zopangidwa ndi carbon fiber ndi epoxy resin, mphamvu yake yeniyeni ndi modulus yeniyeni ndi yaikulu kangapo kuposa yachitsulo ndi aloyi ya aluminiyamu, komanso imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala, odana ndi mikangano ndi kuvala kukana, kudzipaka mafuta, kutentha kukana, kukana kutopa, kukana Creep, kuchepetsa phokoso, kutchinjiriza magetsi ndi zina.Chophatikizika cha graphite utomoni ndi utomoni zimatha kupeza zinthu zokhala ndi coefficient yowonjezera pafupifupi yofanana ndi ziro.Chinthu chinanso cha zida zowonjezeredwa ndi fiber ndi anisotropy, kotero makonzedwe a ulusi amatha kupangidwa molingana ndi mphamvu zamagulu osiyanasiyana a mankhwala.Ma aluminium matrix composites olimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wa kaboni ndi ulusi wa silicon carbide amatha kukhalabe ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso modulus pa 500 ° C.
Zivundikiro zam'madzi zophatikizika zitha kugawidwa mu BMC ndi SMC malinga ndi kufunikira kwa msika, njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira ndi zida:
Zipangizo za BMC (DMC) ndizophatikiza zopangira zambiri.Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa unsaturated polyester bulk molding compound ku China.Zopangira zazikuluzikulu ndi prepreg yonga mtanda yomwe imasakanizidwa kwathunthu ndi GF (chingwe chagalasi chodulidwa), UP (unsaturated resin), MD (filler) ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.Zida za DMC zidagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ku West Germany ndi United Kingdom m'ma 1960, kenako zidapangidwa ku United States ndi Japan m'ma 1970 ndi 1980, motsatana.Chifukwa BMC chochuluka akamaumba pawiri ali kwambiri katundu magetsi, katundu makina, kutentha kukana, mankhwala dzimbiri kukana, ndipo amazolowera njira zosiyanasiyana akamaumba, akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira za zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto, mayendedwe njanji, zipangizo zomangamanga. , zinthu zamakina ndi zamagetsi ndi zina.
Zophatikizira za SMC ndizinthu zopangira mapepala.Zopangira zazikuluzikulu zimapangidwa ndi GF (ulusi wapadera), UP (unsaturated resin), chowonjezera chochepa cha shrinkage, MD (filler) ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana.Idawonekera koyamba ku Europe koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, ndipo cha m'ma 1965, United States ndi Japan motsatizana adapanga lusoli.Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, dziko langa linayambitsa njira zopangira ma SMC zakunja ndi njira zopangira.Zida zophatikizika za SMC ndi zida zawo zowumbidwa ndi SMC zili ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zotchinjiriza magetsi, zida zamakina, kukhazikika kwamafuta, komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri kwamankhwala.Chifukwa chake, kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu za SMC ndizofala kwambiri.Zomwe zikuchitika pano ndikusinthira zida za BMC ndi zophatikiza za SMC.
Tsopano kugwiritsa ntchito zovundikira zathu zautomoni kumatenga gawo lalikulu m'moyo wathu, ndipo zovundikira zapabowo za utomoni zimaonekera bwino chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yodziyeretsa.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chivundikiro cha utomoni pamsewu uli ndi mawonekedwe a kutchinjiriza, palibe phokoso, palibe mtengo wobwezeretsanso komanso anti-kuba zachilengedwe.Sangalowe m'malo mwa zophimba zapabowo zachitsulo.
Chivundikiro cha dzenje la utomoni chimapangidwa ndi njira yapadera yopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzindawu uwoneke watsopano.Moyo wautumiki ndi zaka 20-50.Chophimba chophatikizika cha utomoni chopangidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri chimakhala ndi ubwino wopepuka komanso mphamvu yayikulu, kukana kutopa kwambiri komanso chitetezo chowonongeka.Lili ndi ubwino wa kuumba kosavuta, phokoso lochepa logaya, kukana kwa mankhwala a corrosion, asidi abwino ndi alkali kukana ndi maonekedwe okongola, ndipo zowonongeka m'madzi onyansa zimachepetsedwa.
Tsopano pamsika, zovundikira zapabowo zopangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana ophatikizika amabowo amapangidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, koma zingapo ndizofanana:
1. Kuchita mwamphamvu kolimbana ndi kuba: Zophimba zapabowo zophatikizika nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi unyolo wosasunthika, ulusi wamagalasi ndi zida zina kudzera munjira yapadera yopangira, ndipo zinthuzo zilibe mtengo wobwezeretsanso.Kulimbitsa sikophweka.
2. Moyo wautumiki: Pogwiritsa ntchito utomoni wapamwamba kwambiri, utomoni wagalasi ndi njira yapadera yopangira njira, kulowetsedwa kwa chivundikiro cha chitsime mu galasi la galasi kumatsimikiziridwa, ndipo kumamatira pakati pa awiriwa kumakulitsidwa kwambiri, kotero kuti zinthuzo zimatheka. sichidzawonongeka pansi pa zochitika za cyclic katundu.Kuwonongeka kwamkati kumachitika, motero kuwonetsetsa moyo wautumiki wa chinthucho ndi zabwino zomwezo za zovundikira zam'madzi zophatikizika ndi utomoni, ndikuchotsa kuipa kwa kumamatira kosauka.
3. Kutentha kwakukulu / kutsika kwa kutentha, kutsekemera kwabwino komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa dzimbiri: mankhwalawa ndi osagwirizana ndi dzimbiri, alibe poizoni komanso alibe vuto.Palibe zowonjezera zitsulo.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta komanso osinthika, ovuta komanso ovuta.Chivundikiro cha dzenje chopangidwa ndi opanga chivundikiro cha Bester chophatikizika chayesedwa ndi mabungwe oyezetsa ovomerezeka a dziko, ndipo ali ndi kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali, kukana dzimbiri, odana ndi ukalamba ndi zizindikiro zina zambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yamankhwala.
4. Zokongola komanso zothandiza, zapamwamba: malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala apamwamba, tikhoza kupanga LOGO yovuta ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamwamba pa chivundikiro chofanana cha chivundikiro chaumwini, kotero kuti chitsanzocho ndi chosakhwima, mtundu ndi yowala komanso yomveka.Malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna, zitha kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amiyala ndi mitundu yomwe ili yofanana ndi miyala yamiyala yosiyanasiyana.
5. Mphamvu yamphamvu yonyamula katundu: Pansi pake imagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe apadera, ndipo kulimbikitsa kosalekeza komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapangidwa ndi zinthu kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti nsalu za fiber ndi magalasi zimagwirizanitsidwa, kotero kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yobereka.
6. Chitetezo cha chilengedwe, chosasunthika, phokoso lochepa: chivundikiro cha dzenje sichidzagwedezeka galimoto itakulungidwa, ndipo sipadzakhala phokoso lopweteka la khutu ndi kuipitsa.
Mukayika chivundikiro cha manhole, tsatirani njira zinayi izi:
1. Musanakhazikitse, maziko a chivundikiro cha dzenje ayenera kukhala abwino komanso olimba, ndipo m'mimba mwake, kutalika ndi m'lifupi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kukula kwa chivundikiro cha dzenje.
2. Mukayika chivundikiro cha dzenje lamagulu pamsewu wa simenti, tcherani khutu pazitsulo zachitsime ziyenera kutsanuliridwa ndi konkriti, ndipo mphete yotetezera konkire iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamphepete kuti ikonzedwe kwa masiku pafupifupi 10.
3. Mukayika zovundikira zam'dzenje zophatikizika pamapando a asphalt, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa kupeŵa makina omanga akugudubuza chivundikiro cha dzenje ndi mpando wa chitsime kuti zisawonongeke.
4. Kuti musunge kukongola kwa chivundikiro cha dzenje ndi zolemba zomveka bwino ndi chitsanzo, samalani kuti musadetse chivundikiro cha dzenje pamene mukutsanulira phula ndi simenti pamsewu.
njira yachitukuko:
(1) Mphamvu zake ndi zachiŵiri kwa zivundikiro za mapaipi apulasitiki amiyala.Imatha kunyamula matani opitilira 40 agalimoto.
(2) Ntchito yake yonse ili pakati pa chivundikiro cha dzenje la miyala-pulasitiki ndi chivundikiro cha dzenje la konkriti, chomwe chili chabwino kuposa konkriti;itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yomwe ili ndi zofunikira zambiri zamaluso pazovundikira mabowo.
(3) Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuti sichigwiritsa ntchito kulimbitsa mafupa achitsulo, koma kumalimbikitsidwa ndi magalasi a fiber composite, omwe ndi amtundu wa GRC.Choncho, ili ndi ubwino wosakhudzidwa pamene mtengo wazitsulo ukupitiriza kukwera.Popeza ilibe chitsulo pang'ono, imaletsa kuba kuposa pulasitiki yamwala ndi zophimba zapabowo za konkriti.
(4) Liwiro lake lochiritsa limathamanga kangapo kuposa la konkire ya fiber, ndipo imatha kugwetsedwa mu maola 8.Ngati apangidwa mosinthana katatu, amatha kugwetsedwa katatu m'maola 24.Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa nkhungu ndikochuluka kuposa pulasitiki yamwala, ndi 1/6 yokha ya chivundikiro cha phale la fiber konkriti.Ikhozanso kuchepetsa ndalama za nkhungu.Ndi kutulutsa kwapachaka kwa ma seti 10,000 a zovundikira mahole, ma seti 10 okha a nkhungu amafunikira.
(5) Chivundikiro chapabowo chophatikizika ndi choyenera, chotsogola kwambiri, komanso chosayerekezeka ndi zisankho zina (monga nkhungu za mphira, pulasitiki, magalasi opangidwa ndi pulasitiki).
(6) Pakuwongolera kosalekeza ndi kukonzanso kwa chivundikiro cha dzenje lophatikizika, zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zadutsa mulingo wamakampani a Unduna wa Zomangamanga, ndipo zafika pamlingo wabwino wamakampani akuchivundikiro cha dzenje la dziko langa.
Mayi Serafina +86 15102806197
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-23-2022
