Ndikukula kosalekeza kwa zida zophatikizika, kuphatikiza mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi magalasi, mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi kaboni, mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi boron, ndi zina zambiri.Carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) ndi zinthu zopepuka komanso zamphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku.Ndilo mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zinthu zopangidwa ndi fiber-reinforced zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito carbon fibers monga gawo lalikulu la mapangidwe.
Zamkatimu:
1. Kaboni Fiber Yolimbitsa Thupi Lolimba
2. Njira Yowumbira ya Carbon Fiber Yolimbitsa Pulasitiki
3. Makhalidwe a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
4. Ubwino wa CFRP
5. Kuipa kwa CFRP
6. Carbon Fiber Analimbitsa Pulasitiki Ntchito
Carbon Fiber Yolimbitsa Thupi la Polima
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa pokonza zida za carbon fiber mbali ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zomangira za polima.M'mimba mwake wa carbon fiber ndi woonda kwambiri, pafupifupi ma microns 7, koma mphamvu zake ndizokwera kwambiri.
Chigawo chofunikira kwambiri cha carbon fiber reinforced composite material ndi carbon fiber filament.Zoyambira za carbon filament ndi prepolymer polyacrylonitrile (PAN), rayon, kapena petroleum pitch.Ma carbon filaments amapangidwa kukhala nsalu za carbon fiber pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zamakina za magawo a carbon fiber.
Polima yomangiriza nthawi zambiri imakhala utomoni wa thermosetting monga epoxy.Ma thermosets ena kapena ma polima a thermoplastic nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga polyvinyl acetate kapena nayiloni.Kuphatikiza pa ulusi wa kaboni, zophatikiza zimathanso kukhala ndi aramid Q, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, aluminiyamu, kapena ulusi wagalasi.Makhalidwe a chomaliza cha carbon fiber amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi mtundu wa zowonjezera zomwe zimalowetsedwa mu matrix omangira.
Njira Yowumbira ya Carbon Fiber Yolimbitsa Pulasitiki
Zogulitsa za carbon fiber ndizosiyana makamaka chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana.Pali njira zambiri zopangira zida zopangira kaboni fiber reinforced polymer.
1. Njira Yoyikira Manja
Agawanika mu njira youma (chisanadze okonzeka shopu) ndi chonyowa njira (chiluwa nsalu ndi utomoni glued ntchito).Kuyika kwa manja kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera prepregs kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapangidwe achiwiri monga kuponderezana.Njira imeneyi ndi pamene mapepala a carbon fiber nsalu amapangidwa ndi laminated pa nkhungu kuti apange chomaliza.Mphamvu ndi kuuma kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zimakongoletsedwa ndi kusankha kugwirizanitsa ndi kuluka kwa ulusi wa nsalu.Kenako nkhungu imadzazidwa ndi epoxy ndikuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha kapena mpweya.Njira yopangira iyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zopanda kupsinjika, monga zophimba za injini.
2. Njira Yopangira Vuto
Kwa prepreg laminated, ndikofunikira kuyika kukakamiza kudzera munjira inayake kuti ikhale pafupi ndi nkhungu ndikuchiza ndikuyipanga pansi pa kutentha ndi kupanikizika.Njira ya thumba la vacuum imagwiritsa ntchito pampu yotsekemera kuti itulutse mkati mwa thumba lopangira thumba kuti kupanikizika koipa pakati pa thumba ndi nkhungu kumapanga kupanikizika kotero kuti zinthu zophatikizana zikhale pafupi ndi nkhungu.
Pamaziko a njira ya thumba la vacuum, njira yopangira vacuum-autoclave idapangidwa pambuyo pake.Ma Autoclaves amapereka zipsinjo zapamwamba komanso kutentha kumachiritsa gawolo (m'malo mwa kuchiritsa kwachilengedwe) kuposa njira za vacuum thumba lokha.Gawo loterolo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, abwinobwino pamwamba, amatha kuthetsa thovu la mpweya (mathovu amakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ya gawolo), ndipo mtundu wonsewo ndi wapamwamba.M'malo mwake, njira yopangira vacuum bagging ndi yofanana ndi yomamatira pafoni yam'manja.Kuchotsa thovu la mpweya ndi ntchito yaikulu.
3. Compress Molding Njira
Kupaka compressndi njira yopangira yomwe imathandizira kupanga zambiri komanso kupanga zambiri.Nthawi zambiri nkhungu zimapangidwa kuchokera kumtunda ndi kumunsi, zomwe timatcha nkhungu yamphongo ndi nkhungu yachikazi.The akamaumba ndondomeko kuika mphasa zopangidwa prepregs mu zitsulo kauntala nkhungu, ndi pansi zochita za ena kutentha ndi kupsyinjika, mphasa ndi kutenthedwa ndi plasticized mu nkhungu patsekeke, umayenda pansi mavuto, ndipo amadzaza nkhungu patsekeke, ndiyeno Ndi kuumba ndi kuchiritsa kupeza mankhwala.Komabe, njirayi ili ndi mtengo woyambira wokwera kuposa wam'mbuyo, popeza nkhungu imafunikira makina a CNC apamwamba kwambiri.
4. Kumangirira kokhotakhota
Kwa ziwalo zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kapena mawonekedwe a thupi la revolution, filament winder ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga gawolo pomangirira ulusi pa mandrel kapena pachimake.Pambuyo akupiringa ndi wathunthu mankhwala ndi kuchotsa mandrel.Mwachitsanzo, manja olumikizana a tubular omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimitsa amatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.
5. Utomoni Choka Akamaumba
Resin transfer molding (RTM) ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yopangira.Njira zake zoyambira ndi:
1. Ikani nsalu yoyipa ya carbon fiber mu nkhungu ndikutseka nkhungu.
2. Bayikirani utomoni wamadzi otsekemera m'madzimo, ikani zolimbitsa, ndikuchiritsa.
Makhalidwe a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(1) Mphamvu zapamwamba komanso kukhazikika bwino.
Mphamvu yeniyeni (ndiko kuti, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yolimba ku kachulukidwe) ya carbon fiber ndi 6 kuwirikiza chitsulo ndi 17 nthawi ya aluminiyamu.Modulus yeniyeni (ndiko kuti, chiŵerengero cha Young's modulus to density, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha kusungunuka kwa chinthu) ndi nthawi yoposa 3 yachitsulo kapena aluminiyamu.
Ndi mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni, imatha kunyamula katundu wambiri wogwira ntchito.Kuthamanga kwake kwakukulu kumatha kufika 350 kg / cm2.Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika kuposa F-4 yoyera komanso kuluka kwake.
(2) Kukana kutopa kwabwino komanso kukana kuvala.
Kutopa kwake ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa utomoni wa epoxy komanso wapamwamba kuposa wazitsulo.Ulusi wa graphite umadzisungunula wokha ndipo uli ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka kukangana.Kuchuluka kwa kuvala kumakhala kocheperako ka 5-10 kuposa zinthu zonse za asibesitosi kapena zomangira za F-4.
(3) Good matenthedwe madutsidwe ndi kukana kutentha.
Mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi kaboni fiber amakhala ndi matenthedwe abwino, ndipo kutentha kopangidwa ndi kukangana kumatayidwa mosavuta.Mkati sikophweka kutenthedwa ndi kusunga kutentha ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chinthu chosindikizira champhamvu.Mumlengalenga, imatha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika pa kutentha kwa -120 ~ 350 ° C.Ndi kuchepa kwa zitsulo zamchere mu carbon fiber, kutentha kwautumiki kungakhale kowonjezereka.Mu gasi wa inert, kutentha kwake kosinthika kumatha kufika pafupifupi 2000 ° C, ndipo kumatha kupirira kusintha kwakukulu kwa kuzizira ndi kutentha.
(4) Kukana kugwedezeka kwabwino.
Sizosavuta kuyimba kapena kuwuluka, komanso ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chochepetsera kugwedezeka komanso kuchepetsa phokoso.
Ubwino wa CFRP
1. Kulemera Kwambiri
Mapulasitiki amtundu wagalasi amalimbitsa mapulasitiki amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wamagalasi osalekeza ndi 70% ulusi wagalasi (kulemera kwagalasi / kulemera konse) ndipo amakhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 0.065 pounds pa kiyubiki inchi.Kaphatikizidwe ka CFRP kofanana ndi 70% kulemera kwa fiber nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi makulidwe a mapaundi 0.055 pa inchi imodzi.
2. Mphamvu Zapamwamba
Ngakhale ma polima opangidwa ndi kaboni fiber ndi opepuka, zophatikizika za CFRP zili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kuuma kwakukulu pa kulemera kwa unit kuposa zophatikizira zamagalasi.Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zachitsulo, ubwino umenewu ndi woonekeratu.
Zoyipa za CFRP
1. Mtengo Wokwera
Mtengo wopangira pulasitiki wolimbitsa kaboni fiber ndiwotsika kwambiri.Mitengo ya carbon fiber ikhoza kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi momwe msika ulili panopa (kuperekedwa ndi kufunidwa), mtundu wa carbon fiber (mlengalenga ndi kalasi yamalonda), ndi kukula kwa mtolo wa fiber.Pa pound-pa-pound maziko, virgin carbon fiber ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo nthawi 5 mpaka 25 kuposa ulusi wagalasi.Kusiyanaku ndikokulirapo poyerekeza chitsulo ndi CFRP.
2. Conductivity
Uwu ndiye ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zida za carbon fiber composite.Zimatengera kugwiritsa ntchito.Ulusi wa kaboni ndi wabwino kwambiri ndipo ulusi wagalasi umateteza.Zogulitsa zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito magalasi a fiberglass m'malo mwa kaboni fiber kapena zitsulo chifukwa zimafunikira kutchinjiriza mwamphamvu.Popanga zofunikira, zinthu zambiri zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wagalasi.
Carbon Fiber Yolimbitsa Pulasitiki Yogwiritsa Ntchito
Ntchito za carbon fiber reinforced polima ndizokulirapo m'moyo, kuchokera kumakina kupita ku zida zankhondo.
(1)monga kusindikiza kusindikiza
Zinthu za PTFE zolimba za carbon fiber zitha kupangidwa kukhala mphete zosindikizira kapena zonyamula, zosagwira dzimbiri, zosavala, komanso zosagwira kutentha kwambiri.Akagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza static, moyo wautumiki umakhala wautali, kupitirira nthawi 10 kuposa momwe amapaka mafuta a asibesitosi omizidwa ndi mafuta.Ikhoza kusunga ntchito yosindikiza pansi pa kusintha kwa katundu ndi kuzizira kofulumira komanso kutentha kofulumira.Ndipo popeza zinthuzo zilibe zinthu zowononga, palibe dzimbiri lomwe lingachitike pazitsulo.
(2)monga magawo akupera
Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake odzipaka okha, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mayendedwe, magiya, ndi mphete za pistoni pazolinga zapadera.Monga mayendedwe opaka mafuta opanda mafuta a zida zowulutsira ndege ndi zojambulira matepi, magiya opaka mafuta opanda mafuta opangira ma locomotives amagetsi a dizilo (kupewa ngozi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kutayikira kwamafuta), mphete za pistoni zopanda mafuta zopaka mafuta pa compressor, ndi zina. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati zosindikizira kapena zosindikizira m'mafakitale azakudya ndi azamankhwala potengera mwayi wake wopanda poizoni.
(3) Monga zida zomangira zamlengalenga, zandege, ndi zoponya.Anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndege kuti achepetse kulemera kwa ndege ndikuwongolera kuyendetsa bwino kwa ndege.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala, petroleum, mphamvu yamagetsi, makina, ndi mafakitale ena ngati chisindikizo chozungulira kapena chobwerezabwereza kapena zida zosiyanasiyana zosindikizira.
Zhengxi ndi katswirifakitale ya hydraulic press ku China, kupereka apamwambacomposite hydraulic presskupanga zinthu za CFRP.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-25-2023
