Stamping process muMoto Manufacturing

Motokari dzave dzichinzi "michina yakachinja nyika."Nekuti indasitiri yemotokari ine hukama hwakasimba hwemaindasitiri, inoonekwa sechiratidzo chakakosha chedanho rekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika.Kune maitiro mana makuru mumotokari, uye maitiro ekutsika ndiwo akanyanya kukosha pane mana makuru maitiro.Uye zvakare ndiyo yekutanga yemaitiro mana makuru.

Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichasimbisa iyo stamping maitiro mukugadzira mota.

Table of Content:

1. Chii chinonzi Stamping?
2. Stamping Die
3. Stamping Equipment
4. Stamping Material
5. Gauge

1. Chii chinonzi Stamping?

1) Tsanangudzo yekutsika

Stamping inzira yekugadzira yekugadzira iyo inoshandisa simba rekunze kumaplateti, mitsetse, mapaipi, uye maprofiles nemapress uye molds kukonzera deformation yepurasitiki kana kupatsanurwa kuti vawane maworkpiece (kutsika zvikamu) zvechimiro chinodiwa uye saizi.Kutsika uye kuumba ndekwepurasitiki kugadzirisa (kana kumanikidza kugadzirisa).Ma blanks ekuisa chitambi anonyanya kupisa-akakungurutswa uye anotonhora-akakungurutswa esimbi uye mitsetse.Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvesimbi munyika, 60-70% mahwendefa, mazhinji acho akadhindwa muzvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa.

Muviri, chassis, tangi yemafuta, zvimbi zveradiator zvemota, chigubhu chehutsi hwebhailer, goko remudziyo, iron core silicon simbi pepa remota nemidziyo yemagetsi, nezvimwe zvese zvakadhindwa.Kune zvakare huwandu hukuru hwezvikamu zvekutsika muzvigadzirwa zvakaita sezviridzwa nemamita, midziyo yemumba, mabhasikoro, michina yemuhofisi, uye midziyo yekugara.

2) Stamping maitiro maitiro

• Stamping inzira yekugadzirisa ine yakakwira kugadzirwa kwekuita uye yakaderera kushandiswa kwezvinhu.
• Iyo stamping maitiro akakodzera kugadzirwa kwemabheti mahombe ezvikamu uye zvigadzirwa, zviri nyore kuona mechanization uye otomatiki, uye ine yakakwirira kugadzirwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, kugadzirwa kwe stamping hakungovavarira kuwana tsvina shoma uye pasina kugadzirwa kwemarara asi kunyangwe paine zvakasara mune dzimwe nguva, zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa zvizere.
• Maitiro ekushanda ari nyore.Hapana hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hunodiwa nemushandisi.
• Zvikamu zvakadhindwa kazhinji hazvidi kugadzirwa uye zvine huremu hwepamusoro.
• Zvitemba zvikamu zvine zvakanaka kuchinjana.Iyo stamping process ine kugadzikana kwakanaka, uye batch imwechete yezvitambi zvikamu zvinogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana pasina kukanganisa kusangana uye kuita kwechigadzirwa.
• Sezvo zvikamu zvekutsikirira zvichigadzirwa neshizha resimbi, kunaka kwavo kwepamusoro kuri nani, izvo zvinopa mamiriro ari nyore kune anotevera maitiro ekurapwa kwepamusoro (senge electroplating nekupenda).
• Stamping processing inogona kuwana zvikamu zvine simba rakawanda, kusimba kwakanyanya, uye kureruka.
• Mutengo wekutsika zvikamu misa-inogadzirwa ne molds yakaderera.
• Kudhinda kunogona kuburitsa zvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara anonetsa kugadzirisa nedzimwe nzira dzekugadzira simbi.

3) Stamping process

(1) Kuparadzanisa maitiro:

Iro shiti rinopatsanurwa pamwe neimwe contour mutsara pasi pekuita kwesimba rekunze kuwana zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa uye zvehafu-zvakapedzwa zvine imwe chimiro, saizi, uye yakachekwa mhando.
Mamiriro ekuparadzanisa: Kushushikana mukati mezvakaremara zvinhu zvinodarika muganho wesimba σb.

a.Blanking: Shandisa dhi kuti ucheke parutivi rwakavharwa curve, uye chikamu chakaroverwa chikamu.Inoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakati sandara zvemaumbirwo akasiyana.
b.Kurovera: Shandisa difa kubaya parutivi rwakavharwa curve, uye chikamu chakaroverwa imarara.Kune mafomu akati wandei akadai sekurovera kwakanaka, kubaya parutivi, nekurembera punching.
c.Kuchekerera: Kuchekerera kana kucheka mativi ezvikamu zvakaumbwa kusvika kune chimwe chimiro.
d.Kupatsanura: Shandisa dhiya kurovera parutivi isina kuvharwa curve kuburitsa kupatsanura.Kana zvikamu zvekuruboshwe uye kurudyi zvinoumbwa pamwechete, nzira yekuparadzanisa inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.

(2) Kugadzira nzira:

Iyo isina chinhu yakaremara mupurasitiki isina kutyora kuti uwane zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa uye zvakapedzwa zveimwe chimiro uye saizi.
Kugadzira mamiriro: goho simba σS

a.Kudhirowa: Kugadzira pepa risina chinhu muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakashama.
b.Flange: Mupendero weshizha kana semi-yakapera chigadzirwa inoumbwa kuita yakatwasuka mupendero pamwe chete neimwe curve zvinoenderana neimwe curvature.
c.Shaping: Nzira yekugadzira inoshandiswa kuvandudza kurongeka kwedimensional yezvikamu zvakaumbwa kana kuwana diki fillet radius.
d.Flipping: Mupendero wakamira unogadzirwa pane pre-punched sheet kana semi-yakapedza chigadzirwa kana pane pepa risina kubaiwa.
e.Kupeta: Kupeta pepa kuita zvimiro zvakasiyana-siyana uchitevedza mutsara wakatwasuka kunogona kugadzira zvikamu zvine zvimiro zvakaomarara.

2. Stamping Die

1) Die classification

Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekushanda, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita: kudhirowa kufa, kudimbura punching kufa, uye flanging kuumba kufa.

2) Chimiro chekutanga che mold

Iyo punching die inowanzo umbwa nepamusoro uye yepasi inofa (convex uye concave kufa).

3) Kuumbwa:

Kushanda chikamu
Kutungamira
Positioning
Kuganhurira
Elastic element
Kusimudza uye kutendeuka

3. Midziyo yekutsikisa

1) Press Machine

Zvinoenderana nechimiro chemubhedha, matsimba anogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: akavhurika matsimba uye akavharwa madhindi.

Mutambo wakavhurika wakazaruka pamativi matatu, mubhedha uriC-yakaumbwa, uye kuomarara kuri murombo.Inowanzo shandiswa pamichina midiki.Mutambo wakavharwa wakazaruka kumberi nekumashure, mubhedha wakavharwa, uye kuoma kwacho kwakanaka.Inowanzo shandiswa pakutsikirira hombe nepakati.

Zvinoenderana nemhando yekutyaira inotsvedza simba, iyo press inogona kukamurwa kuita mechanical press uyehydraulic press.

2) Kusunungura mutsara

Kuveura muchina

Muchina wekuveura unonyanya kushandiswa kucheka mipendero yakatwasuka yemhando dzakasiyana dzemarata esimbi.Mafomu ekutapurirana ndeemakanika uye hydraulic.

4. Stamping Material

Kutsika zvinhu chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa chikamu chemhando uye kufa hupenyu.Parizvino, zvinhu zvinogona kudhindwa hazvisi chete pasi-kabhoni simbi asiwo simbi isina tsvina, aruminiyamu nealuminium alloy, mhangura nemhangura alloy, nezvimwe.

Simbi ndiro parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mbishi zvinhu mukutsikisa mota.Parizvino, pamwe nezvinodiwa zvemitumbi yemotokari isingaremi, zvinhu zvitsva zvakadai semahwendefa esimbi ane simba uye sandwich simbi mahwendefa zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa mumitumbi yemotokari.

Simbi ndiro classification

Zvinoenderana nehupamhi: gobvu ndiro (pamusoro 4mm), yepakati ndiro (3-4mm), chidimbu chitete (pazasi 3mm).Auto body stamping parts ma plates matete.
Maererano nemamiriro ekutenderera: hot-rolled steel plate, inotonhora-yakaputirwa ndiro yesimbi.
Kupisa kutenderedza ndiko kupfavisa zvinhu pane tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura tembiricha yerecrystallization yealloy.Uye wobva wadzvanya zvinhu zvacho kuita pepa rakatetepa kana muchinjiko-chikamu chebillet ine vhiri rekumanikidza, kuitira kuti zvinhu zviremara, asi chimiro chemuviri chechinhu chinoramba chisingachinji.Iko kuoma uye kutsvedzerera kwepasi kwemahwendefa anopisa-akatenderedzwa kwakashata, uye mutengo wakaderera.Iyo inopisa yekukungurusa yakakasharara uye haigone kukungurutsa simbi yakatetepa.

Cold rolling ndiyo nzira yekuenderera mberi nekutenderedza zvinhu nevhiri rekumanikidza pane tembiricha yakaderera pane tembiricha yerecrystallization yealloy kubvumira zvinhu kuti zvidzoke mushure mekupisa kupisa, depitting, uye oxidation maitiro.Mushure mekudzokorora kutonhora kudzvanya-recrystallization-annealing-cold pressing (yakadzokororwa 2 kusvika ku3 nguva), simbi iri mune zvinyorwa inopinda shanduko ye molecular level (recrystallization), uye maitiro emuviri weiyo yakaumbwa alloy shanduko.Naizvozvo, kunaka kwayo kwepamusoro kwakanaka, kupedzisa kwakakwira, saizi yechigadzirwa yakakwira, uye kuita uye kurongeka kwechigadzirwa kunogona kusangana nezvimwe zvakakosha zvekushandisa.

Mahwendefa esimbi anotonhorwa anonyanya kubatanidza mahwendefa esimbi anotonhora-akakungurutswa, mahwendefa esimbi anotonhora-akakungurutswa, mahwendefa esimbi anotonhora-akakungurutswa ekutsikisa, mahwendefa esimbi anotonhora akasimba, nezvimwewo.

5. Gauge

Geji chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora chinoshandiswa kuyera nekuyera kunaka kwezvikamu.
Mukugadzira mota, zvisinei nezvikamu zvakakura zvekutsika, zvikamu zvemukati, welding sub-assemblies ine yakaoma spatial geometry, kana yezvikamu zvidiki zvekutsikisa, zvikamu zvemukati, nezvimwewo, maturusi ekuongorora akasarudzika anowanzoshandiswa senzira huru yekuona, inoshandiswa kudzora chigadzirwa chemhando pakati pemaitiro.

Kuonekwa kwegeji kune zvakanakira kukurumidza, kurongeka, intuition, kureruka, nezvimwe, uye inonyanya kukodzera kune zvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwehuwandu.

Gages kazhinji ane zvikamu zvitatu:

① Skeleton uye chikamu chikamu
② Chikamu chemuviri
③ Nhengo dzinoshanda (zvikamu zvinoshanda zvinosanganisira: kukurumidza chuck, pini yekumisikidza, pini yekuona, inofambiswa gap inotsvedza, tafura yekuyeresa, profil clamping plate, nezvimwewo).

Ndizvo chete zviripo kuziva nezve stamping process mukugadzira mota.Zhengxi inyanzvimugadziri we hydraulic presses, kupa hunyanzvi hwekutsikisa michina, sengeyakadzika yekudhirowa hydraulic presses.Mukuwedzera, isu tinopahydraulic presses dzemotokari dzemukati zvikamu.Kana uine chero zvaunoda, tapota taura nesu.