Ukuqulunqa okusimahla kunye nokuFakwa: Umahluko kunye nezicelo

I-Blacksmithing yindlela yakudala kunye nebalulekileyo yokwenza isinyithi esukela kwi-2000 BC.Isebenza ngokufudumeza intsimbi engenanto kwiqondo lobushushu elithile kwaye emva koko isebenzise uxinzelelo ukuyibumba ibe yimo efunekayo.Yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa amandla aphezulu, iindawo ezihlala ixesha elide.Kwinkqubo yokubumba, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziqhelekileyo, ezizezi, ukufola simahla kunye nokufoja.Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga umahluko, iingenelo kunye nezingeloncedo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi ndlela zimbini.

Ukuqulunqa mahala

Ukubunjwa kwasimahla, okwakwaziwa ngokuba yi-hammer forging simahla okanye inkqubo yokufola yasimahla, yindlela yokwenza isinyithi ngaphandle kokubumba.Kwinkqubo yokubumba yasimahla, indawo yokubumba engenanto (ngokuqhelekileyo ibhloko yentsimbi okanye intonga) ifudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu apho iba yiplastiki ngokwaneleyo ize ibunjwe ngendlela efunwayo kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana nehamile yokubumba okanye umatshini wokushicilela.Le nkqubo ixhomekeke kwizakhono zabasebenzi abasebenzayo, abafuna ukulawula imilo kunye nobukhulu ngokuqwalasela kunye nokulawula inkqubo yokubumba.

Izinto eziluncedo zokufoja simahla:

1. Ukuguquguquka: I-forging yamahhala ifanelekile kwii-workpieces zeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu kuba akukho mfuneko yokwenza iimbumba eziyinkimbinkimbi.
2. Ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo: Ekubeni kungekho bumba, akukho zixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezifunekayo ukwenza i-mold, enokunciphisa inkunkuma.
3. Ifanelekile kwimveliso encinci ye-batch: I-forging yamahhala ifanelekile kwimveliso encinci ye-batch ngenxa yokuba ukuveliswa kobunzima bokubumba akufunwa.

Ukungalungi kokwenza simahla:

1. Ukuthembela kwizakhono zabasebenzi: Umgangatho wokukhwabanisa simahla kuxhomekeke kwizakhono zabasebenzi kunye namava, ngoko ke iimfuno zabasebenzi ziphezulu.
2. Isantya sokuvelisa esicothayo: Xa kuthelekiswa ne-die forging, isantya soveliso sokwenziwa kwamahhala sicotha.
3. Ukulawulwa kobume kunye nobukhulu kunzima: Ngaphandle koncedo lokubumba, ukubunjwa kunye nokulawula ubungakanani kwi-forging yamahhala kunzima kwaye kufuna ukuqhutyelwa phambili okulandelayo.

Ufakelo lwasimahla lwezicelo:

Ukurhweba simahla kuxhaphakile kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
1. Ukwenziwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zamalungu esinyithi anje nge forging, amalungu esando, kunye necastings.
2. Ukuvelisa iindawo zoomatshini ezinobuxhakaxhaka obuphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu njengee-crankshafts, iirodi zokudibanisa, kunye neebheringi.
3. Ukuphosa izinto eziphambili zoomatshini abanzima kunye nezixhobo zobunjineli.

Die Forging

I-die forging yinkqubo esebenzisa i-dies to forge metal.Kule nkqubo, intsimbi engenanto ifakwe kwi-mold eyenziwe ngokukodwa kwaye ifakwe kwimo efunwayo ngoxinzelelo.Imibungu inokuba yodwa okanye i-multi-part, kuxhomekeke kubunzima benxalenye.

Izinto eziluncedo zokubumba idayisi:

1. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu: I-Die forging inokubonelela ngobume obuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo lobungakanani, ukunciphisa imfuno yokucutshungulwa okulandelayo.
2. Imveliso ephezulu: Ekubeni i-mold ingasetyenziselwa amaxesha amaninzi, i-mold forging ifanelekile kwimveliso yobuninzi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
3. Ukuhambelana kakuhle: I-Die forging inokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwenxalenye nganye kunye nokunciphisa ukuhluka.

Ukungalungi kwi-die forging:

1. Iindleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa: Iindleko zokwenza i-molds eyinkimbinkimbi iphezulu kakhulu, ngakumbi kwimveliso encinci ye-batch, engabizi kakhulu.
2. Ayizifanelanga iimilo ezikhethekileyo: Kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo kakhulu okanye ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni, iimolds zesiqhelo ezibizayo zinokufuna ukwenziwa.
3. Ayifanelekanga ukubunjwa kobushushu obuphantsi: Ukufa kwe-Forging ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindawo ezifuna ukufudumala okuphantsi.

Izicelo zokubunjwa kwedieyi:

I-Die forging isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kule mimandla ilandelayo:
1. Ukuveliswa kwamalungu eemoto afana nee-crankshafts ze-injini, ii-brake discs, kunye ne-wheel hubs.
2. Ukuvelisa iindawo eziphambili zecandelo le-aerospace, ezifana nee-fselages zeenqwelo-moya, iinxalenye ze-injini, kunye namacandelo okulawula i-flight.
3. Ukuvelisa iindawo zobunjineli ezichanekileyo ezifana neebheringi, iigiya kunye neeracks.
Ngokubanzi, free forging and die forging each have their benefits and limitations and are appropriate for different needs imveliso .Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokubumba kuxhomekeke kubunzima benxalenye, umthamo wemveliso, kunye nokuchaneka okufunekayo.Kwizicelo ezibonakalayo, le miba isoloko ifuna ukulinganiswa ukumisela eyona nkqubo ilungileyo yokubumba.Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kweenkqubo zokubumba kuya kuqhubeka nokuqhuba iindawo zokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iindlela.

UZhengxi yincutsheumzi mveliso wokushicilela eTshayina, ebonelela ngekhwalithi ephezulu yasimahlaukwenza oomatshini bokushicilelakwaye bafe bekhahlela oomatshini bokushicilela.Ukongeza, oomatshini bokushicilela behydraulic nabo banokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwaye baveliswe ngokweemfuno zabathengi.Ukuba unazo naziphi na iimfuno, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi.