Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezinto ezidibeneyo, ngaphezu kweeplastiki ze-glass fibre-reinforced, i-carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, i-boron fiber-reinforced plastics, njl.Iicomposites zeCarbon fibre ezomeleleyo zepolymer (CFRP) zizinto ezikhaphukhaphu kwaye ezomeleleyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso ezininzi esizisebenzisa kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.Ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza izinto ezixutywe ngefiber-reinforced composite ezisebenzisa i-carbon fibers njengeyona nxalenye yesakhiwo.
Isiqulatho:
1. ISakhiwo sePolymer eFayibha yeCarbon
2. Indlela yokuBumba yeCarbon Fiber eQinisekisiweyo yePlastiki
3. Iipropati zeCarbon Fiber eQiniswa nePolymer
4. Izinto eziluncedo zeCFRP
5. Izinto ezingeloncedo kwiCFRP
6. ICarbon Fiber Eyongeziweyo yokusetyenziswa kwePlastiki
I-Carbon Fiber eQiniswayo neSakhiwo sePolymer
Iplastiki yeCarbon fibre eyomeleziweyo yinto eyenziwe ngokucwangcisa imathiriyeli yefayibha yekhabhoni kwicala elithile kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zepolymer ezibotshiweyo.Idayamitha ye-carbon fiber incinci kakhulu, malunga ne-7 microns, kodwa amandla ayo aphezulu kakhulu.
Eyona yunithi isisiseko ye-carbon filament eyomeleziweyo yi-carbon filament filament.Izinto ezisisiseko ze-carbon filament yi-prepolymer polyacrylonitrile (PAN), i-rayon, okanye i-petroleum pitch.Iifilaments zekhabhoni zenziwa zibe ngamalaphu e-carbon fiber ngeendlela zeekhemikhali kunye neendlela zoomatshini kwiindawo ze-carbon fiber.
Ipolymer ebophelelayo idla ngokuba yintlaka ye-thermosetting efana ne-epoxy.Ezinye ii-thermosets okanye iipolymers ze-thermoplastic ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa, njenge-polyvinyl acetate okanye i-nylon.Ukongeza kwiifibers zekhabhoni, ii-composites zinokuqulatha i-aramid Q, i-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, i-aluminium, okanye iifiber zeglasi.Iipropati zemveliso yokugqibela ye-carbon fiber nazo zinokuchaphazeleka luhlobo lwezongezo ezifakwe kwi-matrix yokudibanisa.
Indlela yokuBumba yeCarbon Fiber eQiniswayo nePlastiki
Iimveliso zeCarbon fiber zihluke kakhulu ngenxa yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo.Zininzi iindlela zokwenza imathiriyeli ye-carbon fibre eyomeleziweyo yepolymer.
1. Indlela yokuBeka izandla
Ukwahlulwe kwindlela eyomileyo (ivenkile esele ilungisiwe) kunye nendlela emanzi (ilaphu lefiber kunye ne-resin encamathiselwe ukusetyenziswa).Ukubekwa kwezandla kukwasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela iiprepregs zokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokubumba zesibini ezinje ngoxinzelelo lokubumba.Le ndlela kulapho amaphepha elaphu le-carbon fibre elaminethiweyo kwi-mold ukwenza imveliso yokugqibela.Amandla kunye nokuqina kwezinto eziphathekayo ezibangelwayo ziphuculwe ngokukhetha ukulungelelaniswa kunye ne-weave ye-fiber fibers.Umngundo ke uzaliswe nge-epoxy kwaye unyangelwe ngobushushu okanye ngomoya.Le ndlela yokuvelisa isoloko isetyenziselwa iindawo ezingagxininisiyo, njengezigqubuthelo zenjini.
2. Indlela yokwenza iVacuum
Kwi-prepreg elaminethiweyo, kuyimfuneko ukufaka uxinzelelo ngenkqubo ethile ukuyenza isondele kumngundo kunye nokunyanga kunye nokubumba phantsi kobushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo.Indlela ye-vacuum bag isebenzisa ipompo yokucoca ukukhupha ngaphakathi kwesikhwama sokubumba ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo olubi phakathi kwesikhwama kunye nesikhunta senze uxinzelelo ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezidibeneyo zisondele kwi-mold.
Ngokwesiseko sendlela ye-vacuum bag, i-vacuum bag-autoclave forming method yafunyanwa kamva.I-Autoclaves ibonelela ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokunyanga ukushisa inxalenye (endaweni yokunyanga kwendalo) kuneendlela ze-vacuum bag kuphela.Inxalenye enjalo inesakhiwo esincinci, umgangatho ongcono wendawo, unokuphelisa ngokufanelekileyo iibhubhu zomoya (iibhubhu ziya kuchaphazela kakhulu amandla enxalenye), kwaye umgangatho wonke uphezulu.Ngapha koko, inkqubo ye-vacuum bagging iyafana naleyo yokuncamathelisa ifilimu yefowuni ephathwayo.Ukuphelisa amaqamza omoya ngumsebenzi omkhulu.
3. iCompression Molding Method
Ukubumba ukunyanzeliswayindlela yokubumba efanelekileyo kwimveliso yobuninzi kunye nemveliso yobuninzi.Umngundo udla ngokwenziwa ngamalungu angasentla nasezantsi, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba ngundonda oyindoda kunye nebhinqa.Inkqubo yokubumba kukubeka i-mat eyenziwe ye-prepregs kwi-mold counter yesinyithi, kwaye phantsi kwesenzo sobushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo, i-mat iyafudumala kwaye ifakwe kwiplastiki kwi-mold cavity, igeleza phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye igcwalise umngxuma wokubumba, kwaye emva koko. Kwaye ukubumba kunye nokunyanga ukufumana iimveliso.Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ineendleko zokuqala eziphezulu kunezo zangaphambili, kuba ukungunda kufuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kweCNC machining.
4. Ukubunjwa kwe-Winding
Kwiindawo ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo okanye kwimilo ye-revolution yomzimba, i-filament winder ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza inxalenye ngokujija i-filament kwi-mandrel okanye i-core.Emva kokujija luphelile unyango kwaye ususe i-mandrel.Ngokomzekelo, iingalo ezidibeneyo ze-tubular ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokunqunyanyiswa zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa le ndlela.
5. I-Resin Transfer Molding
Ukubunjwa kwe-resin transfer (RTM) yindlela yokubumba eyaziwayo.Amanyathelo ayo asisiseko ngala:
1. Beka ilaphu elilungisiweyo le-carbon fiber kwi-mold kwaye uvale i-mold.
2. Tofa i-resin yolwelo lwe-thermosetting kuyo, faka imathiriyeli yokuqinisa, kwaye unyange.
Iipropati zeCarbon Fiber eQiniswa nePolymer
(1) Amandla aphezulu kunye nokunwebeka okuhle.
Amandla athile (oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wamandla obunzima ukuya kubuninzi) we-carbon fiber ngama-6 amaxesha entsimbi kunye namaxesha angama-17 e-aluminium.Imodyuli ethile (oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo we-Young's modulus to density, owuphawu lwe-elasticity yento) ingaphezulu kwe-3 amaxesha entsimbi okanye i-aluminium.
Ngamandla athile aphezulu, inokuthwala umthwalo omkhulu wokusebenza.Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza lunokufikelela kwi-350 kg / cm2.Ukongeza, iyacinezeleka kwaye yomelele kune-F-4 ecocekileyo kunye ne-braid yayo.
(2) Ukuchasana kakuhle nokukhathala kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka.
Ukumelana nokudinwa kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kunoko kwe-epoxy resin kwaye iphezulu kuneyezinto zetsimbi.Iifiber zegraphite ziyazithambisa kwaye zine-coefficient encinci yokukhuhlana.Ubungakanani bokugqoka buncinci ngamaxesha angama-5-10 kuneemveliso ze-asbestos eziqhelekileyo okanye i-F-4 braids.
(3) Ukuqhuba kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye nokumelana nobushushu.
Iiplastiki zekhabhoni ezomeleziweyo zefiber zine-conductivity ye-thermal efanelekileyo, kwaye ubushushu obuveliswa kukukhuhlana buyachithwa ngokulula.Ingaphakathi akulula ukutshisa kunye nokugcina ukushisa kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengento yokutywina eguquguqukayo.Emoyeni, inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kuluhlu lobushushu obuyi-120–350°C.Ngokunciphisa umxholo wesinyithi we-alkali kwi-carbon fiber, ubushushu benkonzo bunokwandiswa ngakumbi.Kwigesi engasebenziyo, ubushushu bayo obuguquguqukayo bunokufikelela malunga ne-2000 ° C, kwaye inokumelana nokutshintsha okubukhali kwingqele kunye nobushushu.
(4) Ukumelana nokungcangcazela kakuhle.
Akulula ukwenza isandi okanye ukuphaphazela, kwaye ikwayinto ebalaseleyo yokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeCFRP
1. Ubunzima bokukhanya
Iiplastiki zeglasi eziqinisiweyo zemveli zisebenzisa iifiber zeglasi eziqhubekayo kunye ne-70% yeglasi yeglasi (ubunzima beglasi / ubunzima bubonke) kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo inoxinano lwe-0.065 pounds per cubic inch.Umdibaniso weCFRP kunye nobunzima befayibha ezingama-70% ngokuqhelekileyo unoxinano lwe-0.055 yeeponti nge-intshi nganye.
2. Amandla aphezulu
Nangona iipholima zekhabhoni ezomeleziweyo zikhaphukhaphu, imidibaniso yeCFRP inamandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kwiyunithi nganye yobunzima kunemixube yefibre yeglasi.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zetsimbi, le nzuzo ibonakala ngakumbi.
Ukungalungi kweCFRP
1. Iindleko eziphezulu
Iindleko zemveliso ye-carbon fiber eyomeleziweyo yeplastiki iyanqanda.Amaxabiso e-Carbon fiber anokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemarike zangoku (ubonelelo kunye nemfuno), uhlobo lwe-carbon fiber (i-aerospace vs. ibakala lokuthengisa), kunye nobukhulu be-fiber bundle.Kwisiseko seponti yeponti, ifayibha yekhabhoni enyulu ingaba ngama-5 ukuya kwangama-25 amaxabiso exabiso ngaphezu kwefiber yeglasi.Lo mahluko mkhulu ngakumbi xa uthelekisa intsimbi neCFRP.
2. Ukuqhuba
Oku kuluncedo kunye nokungalungi kwezixhobo ze-carbon fiber composite.Kuxhomekeke kwisicelo.Iifiber zekhabhoni ziqhuba kakhulu kwaye iifiber zeglasi ziyakhusela.Iimveliso ezininzi zisebenzisa i-fiberglass endaweni ye-carbon fiber okanye isinyithi kuba zifuna ukugquma okungqongqo.Kwimveliso yezinto eziluncedo, iimveliso ezininzi zifuna ukusetyenziswa kweefiber zeglasi.
ICarbon Fiber Eyongeziweyo yokusetyenziswa kwePlastiki
Ukusetyenziswa kwepolymer eyomeleziweyo yekhabhoni kubanzi ebomini, ukusuka kumatshini ukuya kwizinto zomkhosi.
(1)njengokupakisha ukutywina
Izinto ze-PTFE ze-Carbon fiber zinokwenziwa zibe yi-corrosion-resistant, i-resistant-resistant, kunye nezangqa zokutywina ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu okanye ukupakishwa.Xa isetyenziselwa ukutywinwa kwe-static, ubomi benkonzo bude, ngaphezu kwamaxesha e-10 ngaphezu kwe-oil-immersed asbestos packing.Inokugcina ukusebenza kokutywinwa phantsi kweenguqu zomthwalo kunye nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza.Kwaye ekubeni izinto eziphathekayo aziqukethe izinto ezitshabalalisayo, akukho ukubola kwemigodi kuya kwenzeka kwintsimbi.
(2)njengeendawo zokusila
Isebenzisa iipropathi zayo zokuzithambisa, inokusetyenziswa njengeebheringi, iigiya, kunye namakhonkco episton ngeenjongo ezizodwa.Okufana neoyile-free lubricated iibheringi izixhobo ngenqwelomoya kunye neerekhoda tape, iigiya ioli-free lubricated kuthumelo lombane diesel locomotives (ukunqanda iingozi ezibangelwa ukuvuza ioyile), ioli-free intsimbi piston lubricated kwi compressors, njl Ukongeza, iyakwazi zikwasetyenziswa njengeebheringi ezityibilikayo okanye amatywina kumashishini okutya nawokuxuba amayeza ngokuthatha inzuzo yeempawu zayo ezingeyotyhefu.
(3) Njengezinto zolwakhiwo lwe-aerospace, inqwelomoya, kunye nemijukujelwa.Yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso yeenqwelomoya ukunciphisa ubunzima benqwelomoya kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokubhabha.Ikwasetyenziswa kwimichiza, ipetroleum, amandla ombane, oomatshini, kunye nakwamanye amashishini njengokujikeleza okanye ukubuyisela isitywina esiguqukayo okanye izinto ezahlukeneyo zokutywina ezimile.
UZhengxi yincutsheUmzi-mveliso we-hydraulic press e-China, ukubonelela ngomgangatho ophezuluicomposite hydraulic pressngokwenza iimveliso zeCFRP.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-25-2023
