Ekhuluma ngobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber, kufanele ngikhulume ngoPaul Dhe waseFrance.Wayengumuntu wokuqala owaba nombono wokukhipha imicu ku-basalt.Wafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi lase-US ngo-1923. Cishe ngo-1960, i-United States kanye ne-Soviet Union yangaphambili bobabili baqala ukutadisha ukusetshenziswa kwe-basalt, ikakhulukazi ku-hardware yezempi njengamarokhethi.Enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-United States, inani elikhulu le-basalt formations ligxilile.I-Washington State University RVSubramanian yenza ucwaningo mayelana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-basalt, izimo ze-extrusion kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali ze-basalt fibers.U-Owens Corning (OC) nezinye izinkampani zezingilazi ezimbalwa zenze amaphrojekthi ocwaningo azimele futhi bathola amalungelo obunikazi ase-US.Cishe ngo-1970, i-American Glass Company yayeka ucwaningo lwe-basalt fiber, yabeka ukugxila kwayo emikhiqizweni yayo eyinhloko, futhi yathuthukisa imicu yengilazi eminingi engcono kuhlanganise ne-Owens Corning's S-2 fiber fiber.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzi wokucwaninga eMpumalanga Yurophu uyaqhubeka.Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950, izikhungo ezizimele ezibambe iqhaza kulo mkhakha wocwaningo eMoscow, ePrague nakwezinye izifunda zafakwa ngaphansi koMnyango Wezokuvikela Wangaphambili waseSoviet futhi zagxila ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union eduze kwaseKiev e-Ukraine.Izikhungo zocwaningo kanye nezimboni.Ngemva kokuhlakazeka kweSoviet Union ngo-1991, imiphumela yocwaningo lweSoviet Union yachithwa futhi yaqala ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yabantu.
Namuhla, iningi locwaningo, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemakethe kwe-basalt fiber kusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo yeSoviet Union yangaphambili.Uma ubheka isimo samanje sokuthuthuka kwefayibha ye-basalt yasekhaya, cishe kunezinhlobo ezintathu zobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ifayibha eqhubekayo ye-basalt: enye iyisithando somlilo esihlangene sikagesi esimelwe i-Sichuan Aerospace Tuoxin, enye iyisithando somlilo esincibilikisa ugesi wonke esimelelwe nguZhejiang Shijin. Inkampani, kanti enye iyiyunithi yomlilo ehlanganisiwe kagesi emelwe i-Sichuan Aerospace Tuoxin.Lolu hlobo luyifayibha yetshe le-basalt ye-Zhengzhou Dengdian Group njengommeleli wethangi lokuncibilika likagesi wonke.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza kahle kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho kwezinqubo eziningana ezihlukene zokukhiqiza ekhaya, isithando somlilo esikhona manje esisebenza ngogesi wonke sinokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukunemba kokulawula okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi akukho kukhishwa kwegesi evuthayo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-glass fiber noma ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber, izwe likhuthaza ngazwi linye ukuthuthukiswa kweziko likagesi wonke ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa komoya.
Ngo-2019, Ikhomishini Yentuthuko Kazwelonke Nezinguquko okokuqala ngqa yafaka ngokucacile ubuchwepheshe bokudweba i-basalt fibre pool kiln ku-“National Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog (2019)” ukuze kugqugquzelwe intuthuko, eveze isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwe-basalt yaseChina. imboni yefayibha futhi yaqondisa amabhizinisi okukhiqiza ukuthi ashintshe kancane kancane esuka kumayunithi okushisa amayunithi aye ezindaweni ezinkulu zamachibi., Ukumashela ekukhiqizeni ngezinga elikhulu.
Ngokwemibiko, ubuchwepheshe be-slug benkampani yaseRussia i-Kamenny Vek sebuthuthuke kwaba yi-1200-hole slug unit technology drawing yesithando somlilo;futhi abakhiqizi bamanje basekhaya basabusa ubuchwepheshe beyunithi yokudweba i-slug unit 200 kanye ne-400-hole.Eminyakeni emibili edlule, izinkampani eziningana zasekhaya ziye zenziwa imizamo eqhubekayo ocwaningweni lwezimbobo eziyi-1200, izimbobo eziyi-1600, nezingu-2400, kanye nemiphumela emihle ifinyelelwe, futhi ingene esigabeni sokuvivinywa, yabeka a isisekelo esihle sokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwama-tank kilns amakhulu nama-slats amakhulu e-China esikhathini esizayo.
I-Basalt continuous fiber (CBF) iyi-high-tech, i-high-performance fiber.Inezici zokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlukaniswa okucophelelayo kwabasebenzi, kanye nemikhakha eminingi yobungcweti.Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe benqubo yokukhiqiza busesesigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa, futhi manje bulawulwa ngokuyisisekelo ama-kilns owodwa.Uma kuqhathaniswa nemboni ye-fiber yengilazi, imboni ye-CBF inokukhiqiza okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla okuphelele, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu, kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe okwanele.Ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-40 yentuthuko, kwakhiwe iziko lamathangi elikhulu lamathani ayi-10,000 kanye namathani ayi-100,000.Ivuthiwe impela.Njengemodeli yokuthuthukiswa ye-glass fiber, i-basalt fiber ingahamba kancane kancane iye ekukhiqizeni iziko elikhulu ukuze kuncishiswe ngokuqhubekayo izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Eminyakeni edlule, izinkampani eziningi zokukhiqiza ezifuywayo kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi ziye zatshala imali eningi yabasebenzi, izinsiza ezibonakalayo kanye nemithombo yezimali ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuhlolwa nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bokudweba kwesithando somlilo esisodwa sebuvuthiwe.Isicelo, kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali okwanele ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe bokushisa ithangi, izinyathelo ezincane, futhi ikakhulukazi kuphelile ngokwehluleka.
Ucwaningo ngobuchwepheshe bokushisa amathangi: Imishini yokushisa ingenye yemishini ebalulekile yokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo.Ukuthi isakhiwo seziko sinengqondo, noma ngabe izinga lokushisa liyafaneleka yini, noma izinto eziphikisayo zingakwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka kwesisombululo se-basalt, imingcele yokulawula izinga le-liquid kanye nezinga lokushisa lomlilo Izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile njengokulawula ziphambi kwethu futhi zidinga ukuxazululwa .
Ama-kiln amathangi amakhulu ayadingeka ekukhiqizeni okukhulu.Ngenhlanhla, i-Dengdian Group ihole ekwenzeni intuthuko enkulu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe beziko lokuncibilikisa ugesi.Ngokusho kwabantu abajwayele le mboni, inkampani manje ineSiko elikhulu likagesi elincibilikisa ithangi elikhulu elinamandla okukhiqiza amathani angu-1,200 liye lasebenza kusukela ngo-2018. Lokhu kuyimpumelelo enkulu kubuchwepheshe bokudweba i-basalt fiber konke- i-electric melting tank kiln, okuyinkomba enkulu kanye nokubaluleka kokukhuthaza ekuthuthukisweni kwayo yonke imboni ye-basalt fiber.
Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-slat elikhulu:Izikebhe ezinkulu kufanele zibe nama-slats amakhulu afanayo.Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-slat lubandakanya izinguquko ezibonakalayo, ukwakheka kwama-slats, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokwakheka kosayizi wesakhiwo se-slats.Lokhu akudingekile kuphela ukuthi amakhono ochwepheshe adinga ukuzama ngesibindi ekusebenzeni.Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ipuleti elikhulu lokushelela kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Njengamanje, inani lezimbobo ku-basalt okuqhubekayo fiber slats ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi izimbobo 200 nezimbobo 400.Indlela yokukhiqiza yama-sluice amaningi nama-slats amakhulu izokwandisa umthamo womshini owodwa ngokuphindaphinda.Isiqondiso socwaningo sama-slats amakhulu sizolandela umqondo wokuthuthukiswa we-glass fiber slats, kusukela emigodini engu-800, izimbobo ezingu-1200, izimbobo ezingu-1600, izimbobo ezingu-2400, njll.Ucwaningo nocwaningo lwalobu buchwepheshe luzosiza izindleko zokukhiqiza.Ukwehliswa kwe-basalt fiber nakho kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, okubuye kube isiqondiso esingenakugwenywa sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo.Kuyasiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-basalt fibre eqondile ye-roving engasontiwe, futhi usheshise ukusetshenziswa kwe-fiberglass nezinto eziyinhlanganisela.
Ucwaningo ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-basalt: izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyisisekelo samabhizinisi okukhiqiza.Eminyakeni emibili edlule, ngenxa yomthelela wezinqubomgomo zokuvikela imvelo kazwelonke, izimayini eziningi ze-basalt e-China azikwazanga ukumba izimayini ngokujwayelekile.Izinto zokusetshenziswa azikaze zibe yinto egxilwe ngamabhizinisi okukhiqiza esikhathini esedlule.Sekuphenduke ibhodlela ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni, futhi sekuphoqe abakhiqizi kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo ukuthi ziqale ukutadisha i-homogenization yezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-basalt.
Isici sobuchwepheshe senqubo yokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber ukuthi ilandela inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Soviet Union yangaphambili futhi isebenzisa insimbi eyodwa ye-basalt njengento eluhlaza.Inqubo yokukhiqiza idinga ukwakheka kwensimbi.Inkambiso yamanje yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ukusebenzisa amaminerali emvelo e-basalt emvelo eyodwa noma amaningana ahlukene ukuze kuhlanganiswe ukukhiqizwa, okuhambisana nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “i-zero emission” yemboni ye-basalt.Izinkampani eziningana zokukhiqiza zasekhaya bezicwaninga futhi zizama.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-29-2021
