Cold forging and hot forging yizinqubo ezimbili ezibalulekile ezivamile emkhakheni wokubumba insimbi.Zinomehluko omkhulu ku-plasticity yezinto ezibonakalayo, izimo zokushisa, i-microstructure, kanye nebanga lesicelo.Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngezici zalezi zinqubo ezimbili, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokubumba ebandayo neshisayo ekukhiqizeni kwangempela.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-forging ebandayo kanye ne-hot forging
I-Cold forging ibhekisela ohlelweni lokubumba olwenziwa ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lensimbi yokusebenza liphansi kunezinga lokushisa lokuvuselela kabusha.Ngenxa ye-plasticity empofu yezinto emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukubumba okubandayo kuvame ukudinga amandla amakhulu ukwenza ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki.Ngakho-ke, ukubumba okubandayo kulungele izinto ze-alloy ezinamandla aphezulu.I-Hot Forging iyinqubo yokubumba eyenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisa kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lensimbi yokusebenza liphakeme kunezinga lokushisa lokuvuselela kabusha.Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, insimbi ine-plasticity enhle, ngakho ukubumba okushisayo kudinga ukusebenzisa amandla amancane, afanele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto zensimbi.
Umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kokukhanga okubandayo kanye ne-hot forging unomphumela obalulekile ku-microstructure yezinto.Ngesikhathi sokuqalwa okubandayo, okusanhlamvu kwensimbi akuthambekele ekuvuseleleni kabusha, ngakho-ke i-morphology yezinhlamvu zangempela imvamisa igcinwa ngemuva kokubumba okubandayo.Enqubweni yokushisa eshisayo, izinhlamvu zensimbi kulula ukuphinda ziphinde zikhanye emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngakho-ke isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esifana kakhulu nesicolekile sivame ukutholakala ngemva kokushisa okushisayo.Ngakho-ke, ukubumba okushisayo kungathuthukisa ukuqina kanye ne-plasticity yezinto.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanga okubandayo kanye nokukhanga okushisayo kunezigaba ezahlukene ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo.I-Cold forging isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza i-alloy workpieces enamandla amakhulu nepulasitiki ephansi, njengensimbi enamandla amakhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi i-cold forging idinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu, ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwakha izingcezu zokusebenza ezincane nezilula.Ukubumba okushisayo kulungele izinto eziningi zensimbi.Ingakwazi ukwakha ama-workpiece anobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingathuthukisa ukuqina kanye ne-plasticity yezinto.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni imishini emikhulu yezimboni njengezingxenye zezimoto, izingxenye ze-aerospace, nemishini yobunjiniyela.
Umshini wokubumba obandayo nomshini wokufoja oshisayo
A umshini wokubumba obandayoiyithuluzi elikhethekile lenqubo yokubumba ebandayo, isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi ingakwazi ukwenza insimbi yokubumba ekamelweni lokushisa.Imishini yokubumba ebandayo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa imishini yokubumba ebandayo ye-hydraulic kanye nemishini yokubumba ebandayo eyimishini.Umshini wokubumba obandayo we-hydraulic ushayela inqubo yokubumba ngohlelo lwe-hydraulic, olunamandla amakhulu okubumba nokuguquguquka futhi lungasetshenziswa ukwenza izingcezu zokusebenza ezinosayizi abahlukahlukene.Umshini wokubumba obandayo osebenza ngomshini uqaphela inqubo yokubumba ngokudlulisela ngomshini.Uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wokubumba obandayo we-hydraulic, amandla awo okubumba mancane, kodwa anezinzuzo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
Umshini wokubumba oshisayo uyisisetshenziswa esikhethekile senqubo yokubumba eshisayo futhi ungenza ukubumba kwensimbi ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisa kakhulu.Ivamise ukusebenzisa i-hydraulic noma i-mechanical transmission.Futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini zikhethwa ngokuya ngamandla okubumba adingekayo kanye nezidingo zenqubo.Iumshini wokugaya oshisayoifudumeza i-workpiece yensimbi ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokuphinda ikristale ukuze ifinyelele ipulasitiki enhle bese isebenzisa amandla afanele ukuqedela inqubo yokubumba.
Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, kokubili imishini yokubumba ebandayo kanye nemishini eshisayo yokubumba idlala indima ebalulekile.Umshini wokubumba obandayo ulungele izinto ze-alloy ezinezidingo eziphansi zepulasitiki kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu.Ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-workpieces anosayizi omncane, njengama-bolts, amantongomane, njll. Umshini wokubumba oshisayo ulungele izinto zensimbi ezinezidingo eziphezulu ku-plasticity yezinto ezibonakalayo futhi ezidinga ukuthuthukisa ukuqina nokuqina.Ingakwazi ukukhiqiza izinto zokusebenza ezinosayizi omkhulu futhi ezinomumo oyinkimbinkimbi, njengama-crankshafts emoto kanye nezingxenye zenjini yomoya.
Ukufingqa, ukubumba okubandayo kanye nokubumba okushisayo kuyizinqubo ezimbili ezivamile ekwenziweni kwensimbi.Futhi banomehluko omkhulu ezingeni lokushisa, ipulasitiki yezinto ezibonakalayo, i-microstructure, kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza.I-Cold forging ifanele izinto ze-alloy ezinamandla aphezulu kanye ne-plasticity ephansi, kuyilapho ukubumba okushisayo kulungele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinsimbi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezidinga ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kanye ne-plasticity.Imishini yokubumba ebandayo kanye nemishini eshisa izikhotha iyimishini ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukubona lezi zinqubo ezimbili.Badlala indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wokucubungula insimbi, banikeze izingxenye zensimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
UZhengxi ungumbungazi oveleleumkhiqizi wemishini yokunyathelisa e-China, ukuhlinzeka ngemishini yokubumba ebandayo esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nemishini yokubumba eshisayo.Uma unezidingo, sicela usithinte ngokushesha.Ochwepheshe bethu bazokunikeza izixazululo eziphelele ze-hydraulic press.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-04-2023
