Inqubo Yokufaka Isitembu Ekukhiqizweni Kwezimoto

Izimoto ziye zabizwa ngokuthi "imishini eyashintsha umhlaba." Ngoba imboni yezimoto inokuhlobana okuqinile kwezimboni, kubhekwa njengophawu olubalulekile lwevelveli yezomnotho yezwe. Kunezinqubo ezine ezinkulu ezimotweni, futhi inqubo yokufaka isitembu ibaluleke kakhulu izinqubo ezine ezinkulu. Futhi kungokokuqala kwezinqubo ezine ezinkulu.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoqokomisa inqubo yokunyathela ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto.

Uhlu Lokuqukethwe:

1. Yini ukunyathela?
2. Ukunyaza ukufa
3. Ukufaka izitembu
4. Isitembu Esibonakalayo
5. Into yokulinganisa

1. Yini ukunyathela?

1) incazelo yokunyathela

Isitembu yindlela yokwakha eyakhayo esebenzisa amandla angaphandle amapuleti, imichilo, amapayipi, namaphrofayili ngokucindezela kanye nokuhlukaniswa ukuze athole ama-deformation noma ukwahlukana kokuthola izisebenzi (izitembu izitembu) zesakhiwo nobukhulu obudingekayo. Ukuxubha nokuthethelela kungokwenziwa ngopulasitiki (noma ukucubungula ingcindezi). Izikhala zokuxubha izitembu ziye ikakhulukazi amashidi ensimbi agobhoze futhi agobhoze amakhaza. Phakathi kwemikhiqizo yensimbi emhlabeni, ama-60-70% angamapuleti, iningi lawo agxishwe kwimikhiqizo eqediwe.

Umzimba, chassis, ithangi likaphethiloli, ama-radiator wemoto, isigubhu seSteate of the Boiler, igobolondo lesitsha, i-Iron Core Silicon Insimbi Ishidi lemoto kanye nemishini kagesi, njll. Zonke zigxiliwe. Kukhona nenani elikhulu lezingxenye ezixukwini emikhiqizweni efana namathuluzi namamitha, izinto zasendlini, amabhayisekili, imishini yasehhovisi kanye nezitsha eziphilayo.

2) Izici zenqubo yokunyathela

• Ukuxubha kuyindlela yokucubungula ngokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
• Inqubo yokumisa isitembu ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwamabheji amakhulu ezingxenye nemikhiqizo, okulula ukukuthola ukuguqulwa kanye nokuzenzakalela, futhi kunokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhiqizwa kwesitembu akunakulwela kuphela ukufeza imfucuza encane futhi akukho ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza kepha noma ngabe kukhona okusele kwezinye izimo, kungasetshenziswa ngokuphelele.
• Inqubo yokusebenza ilula. Azikho izilinganiso eziphezulu zekhono elifunwa ngu-opharetha.
• Izingxenye ezigxiliwe ngokuvamile azidingi ukufakwa emnyanweni futhi zinembele ngokunemba okuphezulu.
• Izingxenye ezinyantisayo zinokushintshana okuhle. Inqubo yokumisa isitembu inokuqina okuhle, futhi i-batch efanayo yezingxenye zokunyathela ingasetshenziswa ngokushintshana ngaphandle kokuthinta umhlangano wokusebenza komkhiqizo.
• Njengoba izingxenye zokugxuma zenziwe ngensimbi yensimbi, ikhwalithi yazo engaphezulu ingcono, enikeza izimo ezilula zezinqubo zokwelashwa ezilandelayo (njengokupenda nokupenda).
• Ukucutshungulwa kwesitembu kungathola izingxenye ngamandla aphezulu, ukuqina okukhulu, kanye nokungasindi.
• Izindleko zezingxenye ezishukumisayo isisindo-ezikhiqizwe ngezikhunta ziphansi.
• Ukunyathela kungakhiqiza izingxenye ngezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi okunzima ukucubungula ezinye izindlela zokucubungula zensimbi.

3) Inqubo yokuqinisa isitembu

(1) Inqubo yokuhlukanisa:

Ishidi lihlukaniswe emgqeni othile we-contour ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle ukuthola imikhiqizo eqediwe futhi eqediwe ngesimo esithile, usayizi, nekhwalithi yokusika.
Isimo Sehlukaniso: Ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwezinto ezenziwe ngodondolo idlula umkhawulo wamandla σ.

a. Ukungena: Sebenzisa ukufa ukuze usike ngejika elivaliwe, futhi ingxenye ehlanganisiwe iyingxenye. Isetshenziselwe ukwenza izingxenye ezifuywayo zezimo ezahlukahlukene.
b. I-Punching: Sebenzisa ukufa ukuze ushaye eceleni kwejika elivaliwe, futhi ingxenye ehlanganisiwe idoti. Kunezindlela eziningana ezifana nokushaya okuhle, ukubhoboza uhlangothi, kanye nokulengiswa kwe-punching.
c. Ukuncipha: ukunquma noma ukusika imiphetho yezingxenye ezakhiwe ngesimo esithile.
d. Ukwahlukana: Sebenzisa ukufa ukuze ushaye ijika elingacacisiwe ukuze ukhiqize ukwahlukana. Lapho izingxenye zesokunxele nakwesokudla zakhiwa ndawonye, ​​inqubo yokuhlukanisa isetshenziswa ngaphezulu.

(2) Inqubo yokwenza:

I-Blank ikhubazekile ngokoqobo ngaphandle kokuphuka ukuthola imikhiqizo eqediwe futhi eqediwe yosayizi nosayizi othile.
Ukwakha izimo: Amandla okuthela ss

a. Umdwebo: Ukukha ishidi kungenalutho ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene ezivulekile ezivulekile.
b. I-Flange: Unqenqema lweshidi noma lomkhiqizo osuqediwe wakhelwa onqenqemeni oluthe mpo eceleni kwejika elithile ngokuya ngesisu esithile.
c. Ukubumba: Indlela eyakhayo esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukunemba okubucayi kwezingxenye ezakhiwe noma ukuthola i-fillet radius encane.
d. I-Flipping: Unqenqemeni omile lwenziwa ephepheni langaphambi kokuxutshwa noma umkhiqizo osuqediwe noma ekhasini elingafakwanga.
e. Ukugoba: Ukugoba ishidi kubunjwa obuhlukahlukene eceleni komugqa oqondile kungacubungula izingxenye ngezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

2. Ukunyathela kufa

1) Ukuqunjelwa kokufa

Ngokwemigomo esebenzayo, ingahlukaniswa ngokuthi: umdwebo ufa, ukubhoboza ukubhoboza kufa, nokubumba ubumbeke kufa.

2) Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwesikhunta

Ukufa kwe-punching kuvame ukwakhiwa okufayo okuphezulu nangaphansi (i-convex kanye ne-concave kufa).

3) Ukwakheka:

Ukusebenza Ingxenye
Amandla okuqondisa
Ukubeka isikhundla
Ukunqumela
Into ebanzi
Ukuphakamisa nokujika

3. Ukufaka izinsizakusebenza

1) umshini wokucindezela

Ngokwesakhiwo sombhede, imishini yokucindezela ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: Vula ukucindezela nemishini evaliwe.

Umshini ovulekile uvulekile ezinhlangothini ezintathu, umbhede ukhonaI-C-enziwe, futhi ukuqina kumpofu. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa imishini emincane. Umshini ovaliwe uvulekele ngaphambili nangemuva, umbhede uvaliwe, futhi ubunzima buhle. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa imishini emikhulu naphakathi.

Ngokusho kohlobo lokushayela i-Slider Force, i-PRESS ingahlukaniswa ibe yimishini yokucindezela futhiPress hydraulic.

2) Umugqa Ovumayo

Umshini wokugunda

Umshini wokugunda usetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusika imiphetho eqondile yamasayizi ahlukahlukene amashidi wensimbi. Amafomu okuhambisa angumshini we-mehical ne-hydraulic.

4. STAimpahla ye-mng

Izinto ezibonakalayo ziyinto ebalulekile ethinta ingxenye yekhwalithi nokuphila okufayo. Njengamanje, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingaxutshwa azigcini nje ngensimbi ephansi yekhabhoni kodwa futhi insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy, ithusi ne-Copper alloy, njll.

Iplate yensimbi okwamanje isetshenziswa kakhulu impahla eluhlaza esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zemoto. Njengamanje, ngesidingo semizimba yemoto engasindi, izinto ezintsha ezinjengamapuleti ensimbi anamandla namapuleti ensimbi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlakeni zemoto.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwensimbi yensimbi

Ngokusho kobukhulu: ipuleti eliminyene (ngenhla kwe-4mm), ipuleti eliphakathi nendawo (3-4mm), ipuleti elincane (ngaphansi kwe-3mm). Izingxenye zomzimba we-auto ziyindawo encane.
Ngokusho kwesimo sokugoqa: ipuleti lensimbi elivuthayo, ipuleti lensimbi elibandayo.
Ukujikeleza okushisayo ukuthambisa izinto zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu kunokushisa okuphindaphindeka kwe-alloy. Bese ucindezela okuqukethwe ekhasini elincanyana noma ingxenye yesiphambano sebhilidi elinesondo lokucindezela, ukuze impahla ichitheke, kodwa izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zihlala zingashintshiwe. Ubunzima nobumbano lwamapuleti abushelelezi abumpofu, futhi intengo iphansi. Inqubo eshisayo eshisayo inzima futhi ayikwazi ukugoqa insimbi emincane kakhulu.

Ukugibela okubandayo kuyinqubo yokuqhubeka nokugoqa okuqukethwe ngesondo lokucindezela endaweni yokushisa ephansi kunokushisa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-alloy ukuvumela impahla yokuthola kabusha ngemuva kokukhishwa okushisayo, ukususa izinqubo ze-oxidation. Ngemuva kokuphindwaphindwa okubandayo okubandayo okubandayo - Ukucindezela okubandayo (okuphindaphindwe amahlandla ama-2 kuye kwayi-3), insimbi entweni esetshenziswayo iguquke izinguquko (ukuphindaphinda), kanye nezici ezibonakalayo zoshintsho lwe-alloy eyakhiwe. Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi yayo engaphezulu ilungile, ukuphela kuphezulu, ukunemba kwesayizi womkhiqizo kuphakeme, futhi ukusebenza kanye nokuhleleka komkhiqizo kungahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile ezikhethekile zokusetshenziswa.

Amapuleti ensimbi agoqwe abandayo ikakhulukazi afaka amapuleti e-carbon-ston rolling, amapuleti angenawo amakhabhoni aphansi, amapuleti ensimbi agobhoze ama-stanting, amapuleti ensimbi agxile kakhulu, njll.

5. I-Gauge

I-gauge iyimishini ekhethekile yokuhlola esetshenziselwa ukukala nokuhlola ikhwalithi yobukhulu bezingxenye.
Ezokukhiqiza izimoto, akunandaba nezingxenye ezinkulu ezixubile, izingxenye ezingaphakathi, imihlangano engezansi ye-welding enezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-spatial, noma izingxenye ezilula zesitembu, njll.

Ukutholwa kwe-Gauge kunezinzuzo zokushesha, ukunemba, ukuqonda, lula, njll., Futhi kufanelekile ikakhulukazi izidingo zokukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi.

Ama-Gages avame ukuqukethe izingxenye ezintathu:

① Skeleton nengxenye yesisekelo
② Ingxenye yomzimba
Izingxenye ezisebenzayo (izingxenye ezisebenzayo zifaka: i-chuck esheshayo, i-Pin Pin, iphinikhodi yokutholwa, isilayidi segebe esishukumisayo, itafula lokulinganisa, iphrofayli yokubopha ipuleti, njll.).

Yilokho kuphela lapho ukwazi ngenqubo yokunyathela ekwenziweni kwezimoto. UZhengengxi uchwephesheUmkhiqizi wemishini ye-hydraulic, ukuhlinzeka ngemishini yokunyathela okuyisitembu, njengeUkudweba okujulile kwe-hydraulic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyahlinzekaIzingcindezi ze-Hydraulic zezitho zangaphakathi zezimoto. Uma unezidingo, sicela uxhumane nathi.